Nair's are a strong group of people having deep-rooted influence
over Kerala. No other society had
possessed their status or standard. They were deeply immersed with the history & culture of Kerala. Truly speaking,
the history of Nair's is indeed the history of Kerala.
It may not be easy to trace out the exact date of the origin of
Nair's. It is certain that they belonged
to the Dravidian group, not the Aryan. It is believed that in the Aryan society the rulers were
Kshatriyas. Chera rulers who ruled over
Kerala from AD 130 to AD 1100 were not Kshatriyas. But they belonged this place. So it can reasonably be presumed that they
were Nair's & Nair's were the rulers of the country in the past. Greek ambassador in the court of Chandra
Gupta, Megasthenes refers in around 300 BC about the Nair's & the kingdom of
Cheras, where there were female sovereigns, in his account of ancient India.
There is no ample evidence to prove the advent of Aryans to Kerala or their
establishment of kingdoms here. But
there are clear evidences for the involvement of Nair's in the rule of the
country. Wikipedia says that all the Cheras were Nair's & Kerala history is
more or less connected to Nair caste.
The word ‘Nair’ was authoritatively recorded in the 9th century Thirukodithana (Trikodisthanam) command of Vijayaragadeven. Mention to Nair was also seen in the Thirunelli Pattayam of Bhaskararavi Varma. There are inferences about to ‘Padanairs’ (warriors) in two stone carvings of Nedumpuram Thali. It was recorded in the stonewall of Suchindram Dwaraka Temple which belongs to AD 400 that ‘Pallikkkan Nair’ was the temple uralan. During the beginning of the 19th century Nair became a caste name in Venad. Before that, the word was used to mean “warrior”. One finds mention of the Nair's during the reign of the King Rama Varma Kulashekhara (1020-1102) of second Chera dynasty, when the Cholas attacked the Chera Kingdom. The Nair's fought by forming suicide squads (Chavers) against the invading force.
There are differences of opinion about the origin of Nair community.
- One argument is that Nair's are descendents of Nagas, once a mighty group of India. Nagas were the oldest & strongest group lived in India before the Aryan insurgency. Before the advent of Namboodiris, an organized war-like group of people exercised supremacy over Kerala. Their origin was unknown. Owing to the worship of Naga (snake), this set of people came to be known as Nagas. They exercised control over Adivasis, put them to hard fieldwork & made them slaves, says K.M. Panicker (Keralathile Swathanthrasamaram). Kodungallur Kunhikuttan Thampuran in his book ‘Keralathil’ firmly ascertains that Nairs are same as Nagas. P. Damodaran Pillai says that Nagas were the group of people who moved to southwards from North India during pre-historic times. They became the Nairs of today. Some are of opinion that the Nair's are the descendents of snake worshipping Scythians, who came to India through northwest border and settled down in different parts of the country. According to K.P. Padmanabha Menon, Keralan or Cheralan who ruled Kerala centuries ago, brought Nagas and permitted to settle here & these Nagas were later were known as Nair's & Ambalavasis.
- There is another version that Nair's belonged to Dravidian group of people, which stretched from Europe to eastern end of Asia. Some believe that Nair's were transitioned Naeri people who inhabited on the banks of Euphrates & Tigris rivers during very ancient times. By about BC 3000 Urathier Naeri of Hurien tribe attacked their country. The war lasted for a very long period. In the end Sarhan-I conquered the Naeri land completely by BC 2018. Naeris fled to different parts in different groups. Those who reached India settled in various places like Lothal area, between Goa & Kannur, Thakshsila, Katmandu, North Bihar, Bengal & in some places near Madras (now Chennai). Those who reached Karnataka settled in Tulunadu and Kadathanadu. Another group crossed the Sahya Mountains & reached Kerala. These Naeri settlers later become Nair's.
It is believed that there were 64 classifications in Nair society. Nair's were grouped as Sudras were turned into three main groups called Illam, Swaroopam & Padamangalam.
1. The first group
were servants of Brahmin houses.
2. The second were
servants in Kshatriya homes &
3. The third were
servants of temples.
Besides, there were a number of sub castes among Nair's like Idachery Nair's, Maranmar, Athikurichikal, Chembukottikal, Odat Nair's, Chalia Nair's, Kalamkotti Nair's, Pallichal Nair's, Veluthedathu Nair's & Vilakkithala Nair's etc.
According to Keralolpathy, Nair's were classified into 18 sub
castes based on profession. They are:
Kiriyath Nair
|
Family
man-Those who attends the affairs of his Kiriyam (House)
|
Illathu Nair
|
Dependent
of a Brahmin Illam (House)
|
Swaroopathil Nair
|
Dependent
of a swaroopam (Kshathriya Home). Also known as Chartha Nair
|
Menokki
|
Those
who supervises
|
Pattola Nair
|
An
accountant-One who writes kingly orders & keep accounts
|
Marar
|
Marayan-One who beats drums in temple
|
Padamangalam Nair
|
Servants
of temples
|
Pallichan Nair
|
Those
who carries Pallichumadu or Manchal
|
Chembotti Nair
|
Copper
worker
|
Edachery Nair
|
Idassery
Nair
|
Odathu Nair
|
Bronze
worker
|
Vattakkathu Nair
|
One
who extracts oil
|
Anthur Nair
|
Maker
of bells
|
Asthikurrissi (Athikurichi)
|
One
who performs rituals in the funeral of Nairs. Also known as Seethikan
|
Vyapari Nair
|
Merchant
|
Vilakkithala Nair
|
Barber
|
Veluthedathu Nair
|
Dhobi
|
Pulikkal Nair
|
Dhobi
|
There are certain classifications in the community on the basis of
awards, positions & honorofic titles, which are as given below:
- Pillai is the award or title given by the Maharajah to the Nairs who hold Thirumukom.
- Chembakaraman Pillai is an award introduced by His Highness Anizham Thirunal Marthandavarma.
- Thampi is the title given to the children born to Travancore Maharajahs in Nair wives. The Thampis had the right to stand erect before the kings & to travel in Pallakks (Planquins).
- Kartha is
one of the positions given to the Nairs of Travancore. It is also believed that
Thekkumkur-Vadukkumkur rajahs gave the title to some landlords.
- Kurup is one
who gave Kalari training to the members of royal family.
- Panicker is also
one those who gave training in weapons to the royal family members. Panicker's were also known as Asans. They
enriched history as saviors of the land.
- Kaimals were experts in warfare and financial management. Unnithan, Valyathan, Menon, Menokki were also titles conferred on those who performed remarkable deeds.
- Moopil Nair,
Nayanar, Adiyodi, Kurup of Malabar, Menon, Marar of Cochin were also honours
conferred by the rulers. Those who were in high positions in Nair community in
Cochin won the titles of Karthavu, Kaimal, Thamban etc. due to their intimacy
to the royal family and appeasement to Brahmins. Among the various groups like Akath
Charnnavar, Purathu Charnnavar, Nambiar, Kurup etc. of the Nairs of Malabar,
Nairs & Kurups were soldiers. Purathu Charnnavar and Akathu Charnnavar were
servants of the royal family. Out of
this, supremacy is for Purathu Charnnavar.
Nair priests who performed rituals in Kalaries were known as Kuruppans,
Unnikal, Kurukkal, Adikaletc.
The Nair community has attracted the attention of historians,
sociologists & anthropologists because of the unique matri-lineal joint family
system, rituals like thalikettykalyanam & sambandham type of marriage. In the matri-lineal system, Nair women enjoyed
equal rights with men. They had the right of inheritance and possess
decision-making powers and control over family. The protection & independence
enjoyed by the Nair women in the matri-lineal joint family system was lacking in
other systems. Thalikettukalyanam &
sambandham were the two types of marriages rituals performed by Nair's in the
past. Thalikettukalyanam was obligatory to all girls before they attain puberty
while sambandham is held after girls became adult.
Nairs are Hindus.
Traditionally they were a military class. Agricultural was also their
traditional occupation in the past. Now they are engaged in trade, business,
government service and other professions apart from agriculture.
Pregnancy & Birth Rituals :
Nair's observe pulikudy during the seventh month of pregnancy. Birth pollution is for 16 days. They
celebrate irupathyettukettu on the 28th day after birth. Choroonu is performed
after six months. Therandukalyanam or Therandukuly was observed with detailed
rituals in the past but not observed now a day.
Marriage Rituals :
Nair marriage is known as Kalyanam, Vivaham, Mangalyam, Pudvakoda or Pudamuri. Marriage is taken place either at the bride’s residence, temples or at Kalyana Mandapams (special halls or auditoriums). Tying thali around the neck of bride, presentation of a set of cloth, exchange of garlands & finger rings are the main rituals. Similarly, sambandham type of marriage which does not exist now.
Death or Cremation Rituals :
Nair cremate the dead. The death pollution (pula) lasts for 16 days. In certain areas, it is observed for 11 days. Pulakuli is held to end the death pollution on the 11th or 16th day.
Marriage Rituals :
Nair marriage is known as Kalyanam, Vivaham, Mangalyam, Pudvakoda or Pudamuri. Marriage is taken place either at the bride’s residence, temples or at Kalyana Mandapams (special halls or auditoriums). Tying thali around the neck of bride, presentation of a set of cloth, exchange of garlands & finger rings are the main rituals. Similarly, sambandham type of marriage which does not exist now.
Death or Cremation Rituals :
Nair cremate the dead. The death pollution (pula) lasts for 16 days. In certain areas, it is observed for 11 days. Pulakuli is held to end the death pollution on the 11th or 16th day.
Nambidis :
The Nambidis are descendants of the Brahmins. They wear poonool (sacred thread). They
belong to Hindu religion & follow Brahmin customs. They consider themselves
below Namboothiri Brahmins but above Kshathriyas. They are inhabited in Palakkad & Thrissur
Districts. Nambidi were landlords & agriculturists in the past. Consequent on
the introduction of land reforms, now they possess small landholdings. Now they
engage other occupations for their livelihood.
In the past, the Nambidi women had sambandham alliances with Namboothiri Brahmins & Nambidi men with Nayar women. Similarly, they celebrated thalikettukalyanam in the olden days. They follow all the life cycle rituals as per shodasacharangal of Brahmins.
They observe birth pollution for ten days. They observe Namakaranam, Choroonu, Upanayanam, therendukuly rituals.
The veli (marriage) is conducted at the bride’s residence. Tying thali is an important ritual of the marriage.
The Nambidi cremate the dead. Death pollution (Pula) lasts for 11 days.
Namboothiri :
The Namboothiri are the Malayala Brahmins. Brahmins are the highest ranking of the four
varnas (social classes). The elevated position of the Brahmans goes back to
the late Vedic period, when settlers in northern India were divided into
Brahmans (priests), Kshatriya (warriors), Vaisya (traders) & Sudra
(labourers). Since then there has been no fundamental change in their relative
position & the Brahmans still enjoy great prestige & many privileges. The
basis of the age-old veneration of Brahmans is the belief that they are
inherently of greater ritual purity than members of other castes & that they
alone are capable of performing certain vital religious tasks. The study and
recitation of the sacred scriptures was traditionally reserved for this
spiritual elite. Because of their high prestige & tradition of education,
they acted as advisers and ministers of ruling class.
According to legend, Parasurama created Kerala. After creation he brought from all parts of India & allowed to settle in Kerala, which was divided into sixty-four gramas (villages). They were declared as the lords of the land and allowed special privileges by Parasurama. He also prescribed the customs and manners to be followed by the new settlers.
According to legend, Parasurama created Kerala. After creation he brought from all parts of India & allowed to settle in Kerala, which was divided into sixty-four gramas (villages). They were declared as the lords of the land and allowed special privileges by Parasurama. He also prescribed the customs and manners to be followed by the new settlers.
There are seven sub divisions among Namboothiri's viz.
- Thamprakkal
(Pontiffs in spiritual law)
- Vishishta (Performers
of vedic rituals)
- Adhyars
(Interpreters of Vedas),
- Samanyas
(Temple priests),
- Jatimatas (Warriors),
- Sapgrasthas
(Group of people who were cursed by Parasurama)
- Payyannur
Gramakkar (16 families following Marumakkathayam)
The Namboothiri are handsome with
different complexions. They are having medium height. The Namboothiri ladies
are generally fair & beautiful. In the past the eldest son of the Namboothiri
was permitted to marry from the community. The younger had sambandhams with
ladies of Nair's, Nambiar's, Ambalavasis's, Varier's communities etc. Similarly child
marriages were common. But both the
practices have been discontinued since several years.
The Namboothiri follow shodashacharangal for life cycle rituals.
They cremate the dead. Death pollution (Pula) lasts for 11 days.
Nassuvan :
The Nassuvan are inhabited in Palakkad, Kozhikode & Kannur
districts. They were the migrants from Kongu Nadu (Coimbatore). Their mother
tongue is Tamil. Traditionally they are barbers & they are experts in hair
cutting and dressing.
They observe seemantham.
Birth pollution lasts for 15 days. Mundan ceremony is performed when the child attain three months.
They celebrate puberty rite known as savanja kalyanam.
Marriage takes place in bride’s residence. Tying thali is the important function of marriage.
They cremate their dead. Death pollution (Pula) continues for ten days.
Nayadi :
The word Nayadi means a hunter & as indicated the name they are
hunters. They are one of the Scheduled
Castes inhabited in Malappuram district. They were nomadic food gathers.
A document of 1924 accounted that they cover their nakedness by tying around the waist strings of leaves and plants. In past they consumed the meat of the animals that they hunted. The Census of Cochin 1931 described them as nomadic unclean group of people who eat vermin and reptiles. Now, they use clothes like mundu (Dhothi), shirt, jacket (blouse) & even saris. Their food habits have also been changed to that of other communities. They were considered as the most untouchable community & they had to keep a distance of 300 feet from a Brahmin.
A document of 1924 accounted that they cover their nakedness by tying around the waist strings of leaves and plants. In past they consumed the meat of the animals that they hunted. The Census of Cochin 1931 described them as nomadic unclean group of people who eat vermin and reptiles. Now, they use clothes like mundu (Dhothi), shirt, jacket (blouse) & even saris. Their food habits have also been changed to that of other communities. They were considered as the most untouchable community & they had to keep a distance of 300 feet from a Brahmin.
They observe pulikudy at the seventh month of pregnancy. Birth pollution lasts for 15 days. Naming
ceremony is held on the 28th day.
They perform puberty rite when their girls attain maturity.
Marriage takes place in bride’s residence. A type of beads known as pasikal is used as thali i.e. the symbol of marriage.
They bury their dead & death pollution (Pula). Pula terminates after 15 days by observing pulakuli.
They perform puberty rite when their girls attain maturity.
Marriage takes place in bride’s residence. A type of beads known as pasikal is used as thali i.e. the symbol of marriage.
They bury their dead & death pollution (Pula). Pula terminates after 15 days by observing pulakuli.
40 comments:
Nairs were not the Samurais of Kerala.
Nairs were not indigenous to Kerala. Nairs were not related to Tamil Villavar dynasry of Cheras.They were Nagas from Nepal who had settled at Tulunadu, in the coastal Karnataka, and then brought to Kerala by Arabs and their ally a Tulu prince called Banapperumal in 1120 AD. Kerala was ruled by Tulu-Nepalese dynasties between 1335 to 1947 AD.
Nair era represents the indirect Soverignity of Delhi Sultanate and the the rule of European colonial rulers. Nairs ascendency came after the Pandyan dynasty ruling over Kerala was defeated by Delhi Sultanate in 1311 AD. Nairs were allies of Arabs and Turkish Sultanate and enemies of indigenous Dravidian people of Kerala.
The local Dravidian people called Villavar were suppressed and enslaved or exiled in that era. Nepalese customs and language dominated this era.
PANICKERS
There were a clan called Tamil Panickers who were the defenders of Kerala under Chera dynasty and Pandyan dynasties. Panickers used to train Soldiers for warfare. Panickers used to keep a Padaveedu, warhouse in which they trained warriors and kept weapons. It was the Panickers job to maintain a standing army of few hundred soldiers ready for warfare. Panickers fought for honour and their fealty to the king was hereditary. Training war elephants is part of their tradition.
Panickers were the traditional Samurai equivalents of Kerala. Portuguese with the help of few hundred Tamil Panickars could control Kerala easily. Eventually most of the Panickers mixed with Portugues and formed a Mestizo community. In northern Srilanka some Panickers became elephant catchers and trainers. In the laterdays Panicker title was freely given to petty government officials and traders These were different from Warrior Panickars.
CHERA DYNASTY
In the second millennium Chera Navy once a formidable Navy under Imperial Chola had been weakened. Chera country was ruled by the Tamil Villavars who were of Dravidian stock whose king was called Villavarkon or Mahadai (Mahodaya) Nadalvar. Villavar were supported by three Tamil clans were Villavar, Malayar and Vanavar. From Malayar the word Malayali is derived. Villavar titles were Villavar, Nadalvar, Panicker, Malayaman, Meenavan, Vanavan Chantar etc.
For the Tamil Villavars the traditional enemies were Kadamba kingdom, and Alupas kingdom both were Bana kingdoms. Villavar and their northern cousins Banas were arch enemies. Nairs served both Alupas and Kadamba kingdom and were the enemies of Kerala as well. Villavar Cheras were ethnic Tamils and supported by Villavar clans only. Cheras never had a Nepali army but Kadambas had Naga Nepali army.
Cheras followed patrilineal descendency and law of primogeniture.Until 1060 AD Cheras were in the powerful Chola Confederacy in which Chera kings such as Baskara ravivarman served as Admiral of the combined Navy. But in 1060 AD the Tamil Cholas were replaced by Telugu Chalukya Cholas leading to continuous attack of Chola dynasty.
SAMURAI
MAYURAVARMA
Mayurasharma, a northern brahmin became the ruler of Kadamba kingdom a Bana kingdom with capital at Banavasi. Kadamba kingdom was traditionally supported by two Bana clans called Nurumbada Pandyas and Santara Pandyas. Mayura Varma brought a Naga army under Aryan Brahmin leadership in 345 AD. Ahichatram was the Capital of Uttarapanchala country, a Naga country which corresponded to modern Nepal. A tribe called Newars even today exist at Nepal. Mayuravarma settled them at coastal Karnataka including Tulunadu. The Naga customs such as Naga worship, Matriarchy and Polyandry were brought by Nagas to Tulunadu from Nepal.
NAGAS OF NEPAL
The custom of bringing Nepalese Naga slave warriors from Ahichatram under the leadership of Ahichatram Brahmins existed in ancient Karnataka. Once brought the Nagas were not allowed to have families and the children were raised by females only. They were trained by Uncles for warfare. Each four hundred Nagas was headed by a Ahichatram brahmin. Tulunadu oral traditions, Grama Paddathi mention the Ahichatram migration. The southern nadavaru are Bunts of Tulunadu who have a Bana Naga mixture who practice Matriarchy. The Northern Nadavaras, or Saluvas are Banas and not Naga mixed who dont practice Matriarchy. Nairs and Bunts descend from the Ahichatram Nagas whike Nambuthiris and other Thuluva brahmins such as Shivalli brahmins might descend from Ahichatram Brahmins.
BANA NAGA MIXTURE
The Nagas were called Buntaru or bonded people. The indigenous warriors called Banas(Banta) started mixing with Nagas(Bunta) eventually creating a stratified Matriarchal society in which Banas still occupy a higher position than the Nagas Banas, Bananayas and Nayars were thus formed among which Banas occupied a higher position and called themselves Kshatriya equivalents, Samantha Kshatriyas.Nairs were part of the mercenary army of Bunts of coastal Karnataka. Bunts fought for whoever paid them.Naga mixture with other communities such as Bhillava and Mogaveera will convert them to Matriarchal descendency as well.Many inscriptions mention Nayars at Barkur near Udupi in Tulunadu prior to 800 AD.The Banas(Banta) were fierce warriors who served Chalukya and Rashtrakuta armies. In 950 AD Rajaditya Chola the heir apparent to Chola throne was killed by the spear thrown by a Banta serving Rashtrakuta.
SAMURAI
ASCENDENCY OF ARABS
Arabs had developed a powerful Navy in the second millennium. Though called Moors they were not Moroccans but Iraqis and arabs from Oman. By 1000 AD Arabs traders controlled parts of coastal Gujarat and Goa. In 1000 AD when Goa ruled by Southern Silahara king Guhalladeva An Iraqi trader called Madumod of Taji helped the king financially to regain his position. Malabar was an important trading place for Arabs as Spices pepper Cardamom, Cinnamon and Sandalwood were grown there.
In that era Arabs were trying to control Kerala for which they allied with a Tulu prince called Banapperumal (Pallibanapperumal, Banu Vikrama Kulasekharapperumal) who was the brother of Tulu king Kaviraja Singhan (Kavi Alupendra 1110 AD to 1160 AD).
END OF LATER CHERA DYNASTY
Threatened by Tulu invaders Kodungaloor Chera dynasty came to an end. Cheras shifted their capital to Kollam where they merged with the Ay dynasty formed the Chera-Ay dynasty. Last Kodungaloor Chera Ramavarma Kulasekhara was also the same as first Chera-Ay ruler Ramar Thiruvadi.
TULU INVASION
Nairs were mobilised by Banapperumal with the help of Arabs, attacked Kerala in 1120 AD with 350000 strong Nair army commanded by Padamalanair. This was a mass migration of people from coastal Karnataka to Kerala. Banapperumals commander was Padamala Nair (Krishnan Munjad) allegedly had an affair with the Queen. The Queen falsely blamed Padamala Nair for the incidence. Banapperumal sentenced Padamala Nair to death. But the influential Padamala Nair asked the king to give back his life so that he could live for some time.
Padamala Nair then visited Maldives and had converted himself to Islam and adapted the name Husain Khwaja. Banapperumal executed Padamala Nair at a riverside. Before his death the good natured Padamala Nair advisedBanapperumal to meet Vedha Azhiar and get converted to Islam. Facing opposition from his own Nair army Banapperumal converted to Islam and surrenderd to Arabs. Banapperumal boarded an Arab ship and started the journey to Arabia.
On his way to Arabia Banapperumal stopped at Dharmadam. The ruler of Dharmadam was his Sister Sridevis son Mahabali. Mahabali was converted and was given the name Saifuddin Mohammed Ali.
When one of the daughters of Saifuddin was rescued from a pond by a Nair minister called Arayankulankara Nair she was married to him. Arayankulankara Nair embraced islam founded the first Muslim royal dynasty, The Araikal Raja vamsam. Banapperumals son Udayavarman Kolathiri was crowned as the first Kolathiri ruler of Kannur. From Kings sister Sridevis other sons Samudiri and Kochi kings descended. Banapperumal was accompanied by his another nephew Kohinoor. Pada Mala Nairs nephews Mustha Mudukad, Neelinishada,Sharipad and their servants Marjan and Aswad, residing at Chaliyam also joined Banapperumal in his journey to Arabia.
MALDIVES KING
Maldives was ruled by king Dhovemi Kalaminja who was converted to Islam and adapted the name King Sultan Muhammad ibn Abdullah 1153 AD. Maldives was also known by the name Mahaldweep. Maldives king Dhovemi Kalaminja played some role in the conversion of Banapperumal.
NAIR CONVERSIONS
In the 12th century many Nairs were also converted to Islam and became the Janmis in the north Kerala. Many of the Nairs who had embraced Islam continued to practice Matriarchy. In 1551 AD Samuthiri sent an army to help king Mayadunne to fight Portuguese. Interestingly many Srilankan Muslim Moors practice Matrilineal descendency. They claim descendency from Tamils and Mapillahs.
REESTABLISHMEMT OF TAMIL AUTHORITY
The Chera-Ay kingdom brought all Kerala under its control making Kolathiris a Vassal in the 12th century. Around 1260 AD all Kerala was brought under the Suzernity of Pandyan kingdom.
SAMURAI
INVASION DELHI SULTANATE
Malik Kafur in 1310 invaded Pandyan kingdom and defeated it. Soon all the Tamil kingdoms came to an end. Villavar were hunted down by the Delhis army. A massacre of the Villavar people led to the destruction brought an end to all the Tamil kingdoms.
All the Dravidians were struggling against the Delhi sultanate. The Aryan and Naga people of Tulunadu and the Kolathiri kingdom were the allies of the Delhi sultanate and arabs.
MABAR KINGDOM
Mabar kingdom or Madurai Sultanate was founded around 1330 AD. In this period all Kerala was given to the Tulu dynastie. Four matriarchal kingdoms Kolathiri, Samuthiri, Kochi and Venad were founded. All these kingdoms were supported by Nairs. The Banapperumal dynasty (Kolathiri) was further strengthened by immigrants from Tulunadus Bana(Bants) who with Nambiar and Nayanar titles became Samantha Kshatriyas( Equal to Kshatrias) of Kerala
NEPALESE CULTURE
Kerala suddenly came under the rule of people with Nepalese roots. Matriarchy, Polyandry and Naga worship became normal customs after 1340 AD. The Ahichatram migrants the Nair and Nambuthiris spoke dialect of Nepalese much different from the Vernacular language of Kerala the Malayalam-Tamil. Indigenous Dravidian people lost most of their lands to the Tulu invaders.
Kerala was divided into 500 Nambuthiri sankethams. Each of the Nambuthiri Sankethams had more than five thousand acres land. Tenants were Nairs. Thus Nambuthiris and Nairs became the owners of most of the land of Kerala with Mabar Sultanate and Delhi Sultanates help. The native Dravidian people of Chera kingdom were at the grip of a primittive alien people with roots from Nepal, Nairs.
Some of the Nairs from Kadathanadu closer to the Kolathiris owned more than 2 lakh acres until independence. But most of the Nairs who worked as soldiers who lived in humble houses with Palm leaf roofs. Many Nairs as well as Samantha Kshayriyas display fair colour with an Yellow tinge and slightly Mongoloid facial features because of their Nepalese origin.
SAMURAI
SAVARNA
The Tulu-Nepalese Samantha, Nambuthiris and Nairs, the Kshatriyas, Brahmins and Nairs who were Sudras called themselves Savarna. Savarna were Aryan and Naga people from Nepal and the Tulu Samantha who were Bana subgroup of Bunts. The Dravidian people including the Villavars who ruled Kerala for many thousand years were called Avarna. Perhaps fearing their safety the Savarnas wanted the Avarnas to stay away 12 foot to 72 foot. Such customs never existed in Dravidian landscape. The women were allowed to cover only the lower portion of the body. Only Nambuthiri women could cover themselves fully.
When Portuguese came the Cochin King and his Nair soldiers were wearing only loin cloths.
The indigenous Dravidian people, Avarnas were not even allowed to walk the roads. Any hapless agriculturist seen walking the roads the Nair will go and cut down the unarmed victim. These customs never existed in south India in any of the Dravidian kingdoms. The sole reason the Nambuthiris and Nairs could get away with these because the support they enjoyed from Arabs, Mabar Sultanate and Delhi Sultanate. The Avarnas, the Dravidian people harassed by Nairs were the original owners of Kerala. Most of the Avarnas were Dravidian castes whose relatives existed in Tamilnadu and Karnataka.
Dravidian Villavar had been the rulers of Kerala for many thousand years. But after Malik kafurs attack Villavar were made Avarnas. Many of the Villavar subgroups such as Malayar and Vanavar completely disappeared. Avarnas had been disarmed so Nairs could easily kill them. In that era all the Dravidian kingdoms had been destroyed the Villavar could not get any help.
The presence of large Turkish garrisons in Tamilnadu deterred any attempt to revolt against the Tulu-Nepalese rulers. Nairs who came to Kerala as the henchmen of Arabs were elevated to a much higher status by the Delhi sultanate after the defeat of Pandyan kingdom in 1311. Portuguese supplied Nairs with modern weapons. Nairs were allies of Portuguese and their mixed blooded Christian army of Mestizos.
RESTRICTED TEMPLE ENTRY
More than 80% of Keralas Dravidian Hindus of Kerala were not allowed to enter the temples after 1335 AD. Most of the Avarnas were Tamil Hindus or Srilankan Buddhists. In the old Tamil kingdoms Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism coexisted. There had been no bar for interfaith devotees. Most of the Keralas temples had been built by the Villavar rulers of Kerala or Pandyan rulers. In the ancient times southern Kerala was ruled by Pandiyans.
After 1311 only Nagas and Aryans with Nepalese roots were allowed inside temples. Sri Padmanabhaswamy temple had been a Jain temple, which was converted to Jain and Vaishnava temple by Nedumchadaya Pandiyan in 786 AD. When the Pandiyan ruler married a Vaishnavite princess from Malva he consecrated Padnanabha idol. Nedumchadaya Pandiyan was a Villavar-Meenavar ruler. When Marthanda Varma from Beppur Thattari dynasty came to power with British help, he rebuilt the Padmanabha swamy from stones brought from Gandhaki river Basin in Nepal. Most of the Temples in Kerala had been built by the Villavar rulers of Kerala. After the advent of Matriarchal kingdoms in 14th century Hindus who once formed 90 percent of Kerala population started shrinking.
SAMURAI
EXODUS OF HINDUS TO OTHER RELIGEONS
As the Villavar were not allowed in their own ancestral temples they started embracing other religions. Villarvattom or Udayaswaroopam, a remnant of Villavar kingdoms adoped Christianity in the 14th century. Panicker subgroup of Villavars sided with the Portuguese and converted to Christianity. Panickars assembled the army for Portuguese and Dutch.
Thus the support of Arabs, Delhi Sultanate and Europeans to the Matriarchal kingdoms resulted in the exodus of Hindus to other religeons. Europeans when supported the Samantha-Nambuthiri-Nair kingdoms they got more and more Christian converts.
Another reason was Nairs did not wear much of a dress. Nair males wore a loin cloth or a cloth around waist. Nair women wore a piece of cloth around waist and knee and they did not cover their upper body.
Nairs were thus barely Clad and they forced other Kerala natives to go naked.
Thus after the invasion of Malik Kafur in 1311 AD Kerala was at the grip of a primitive Nepalese tribe who came from Tulunadu. Facing harassment by Nairs, most of the Hindu Dravidian people either left Kerala or converted themselves to other religeon .
EXODUS OF PANICKERS TO SRILANKA
Many Panickars left for Srilanka. One Alagakon from Vanchipura (Kollam) went to Srilanka and founded a new city called Colombo after Kollam. Columbum was the old name of Kollam. Sadasivapanikkan a Tamil panikkan joined the services of King Parakrama Bahu of Kotte kingdom in Srilanka. Sadasivapanikkans son Senpahapperumal ascended king of Kotte kingdom as King Buvaneka Bahu who brought most of Srilanka under his control. Srilankan armies were full of Panickar armies after the Malik Kafurs invasion. Since whole of India was under the Delhi Sultanate Panickars chose to migrate to Srilanka.
SAMUDIRI KINGDOM
Samudiris of Kozhikode claimed to be the descendants of Nephew of Banapperumal. On his coronation day Samudiri it was customary that he dressed like a Muslim and reiterated that he was the Nephew of the Perumal who went to Arabia. Thereby he gained the support of Arabs and the Mappilla soldiers. One Samudiri is believed to have converted to Islam, and was called Abdu Rahman Zamiri. Nairs though numerically higher were not equal to Arabs in warfare. So in the Samudiris kingdom Nairs played a lesser role. Except for the presence of Arabs who supported Nairs, the Thiyyas would have removed Nairs easily.
END OF DELHI SULTANATE
By 1526 the Delhi Sultanate came to an end. Arabs were still there in the northern Kerala. Atleast the Venad and Cochin kingdoms could have overthrown the alien rule. But the Portuguese became the Protectors of Kochi kingdom as well as Venad kingdom.
SAMURAI
EUROPIAN COLONIALISM
The Europeans protected the Tulu-Nepalese kingdoms for 450 years.
PORTUGUESE RULE
The europeans who came to Kerala were quite impressed to see relatively fairer people have enslaved the darker people in Kerala. Which inturn justify their presense. They described Nair customs such as Polyandry in a romantic way while most of Dravidians would consider them as immoral customs. Europeans protected the Tulu-Nepalese kingdoms for about four fifty years. Portuguese appointed their own choices from Mutha Thavazy to throne of Cochin. Portuguese stepped in the shoes of Delhi sultanate as protectors of Matriarchal kingdoms of Kerala. Portuguese freely mixed with the locals producing a Mestizo communities.
The remnants of Keralas Panickars including that of Villarvattam kingdom joined Portuguese and converted christianity. The Christian army of Portuguese was headed by Panickars and Mestizos. Nairs deputed by local kingdoms were trained by Mestizos. Christian armies were planted in each of the territories petty kings. Many petty kings such as Edappally, Alangad, Koratty, Muvattupuzha , Ambalapuzha, Vadakkumkur, Thekkumkur etc.
Each king was required to maintain a Christian army and pay them salaries in return for Protection. Local kings are required to build churches also for which Portuguese supplied masons, architects and Painters. Nairs apparently were subservient to mixed blooded Mestizos in that era. About 4000 Mestizos defended Fort Cochin. None of the locals including Nairs were allowed to enter inner city. At the end of Portuguese rule about 20% of Portuguese army was Nairs. Dutch were worried about Nairo who may attack them in Vypeen. But the Srilankan Karayar army easily defeated them by bombarding them from vypeen. During the Portuguesd despite the Portuguese plundered temples including Thevalakkara temple, converted locals to Christianity Nairs never fought them. It is because after Delhi sultanate Portuguese were protecting them. Nairs were less than ten percent of population. Cochin kingdom would have crumbled after 1526 AD when Delhi sultanate ended. The presence of Portuguese prevented the much powerful Madurai and Trichy Naiks from attacking Kerala.
NAIRS FOUGHT FOR MAMLUK TURKS
In 1507 Kōlattiri Raja of Cannanore supported by the Zamorin of Calicut and Arabs, besieged the Portuguese garrison at St. Angelo Fort in Cannanore. It was part of the Portuguese–Mamluk Naval War.
NAIRS NEVER DARED TO FIGHT PORTUGUESE
After 1507 defeat of Kolathiris and Samuthiris Portuguese had little opposition from Nairs. Portuguese unlike Dutch and English were vengeful and fierce warriors. Around 1750 Nairs ambushes a unarmed Dutch captain and his friends who were going for an evening stroll with their Indian wives. At 1721 about 140 Englishmen who were bringing gifts to the queen were murdered by Pillamar, Nairs. The Englishmen had been disarmed before their stay at Attingal palace.
SAMURAI
VENADS TULU DYNASTY
Venads Matriarchal Tulu dynasty was established by the two Kolathiriri princesses called by Attingal and Kunnumel ramis. Attingal and Kunnumel ranis replaced the last Tamil Villavar king of Venad Veera Udaya Marthanda varman alias Veera Pandiyan in 1314 AD. After this period only sons born to Attingal rani or Kunnumel rani and Nambuthiris became Venad king. With Attingal and Kunnumel ranis a large contingent of Nairs migrated to Venad and mixed with Vellalas. Until then Villavar used to have hypergamous marriages with Vellalas. By aligning with Nairs Vellalas freed themselves. Nairs were present not powerful in Venad in that era. The real power behind them was the Delhi Sultanate and Arab support enjoyed by Kolathiris.
Only after the mixture of Nairs with Vellalas to form the Pillamar subgroup which became powerful after 1620, when a Brahmin king from Vellarappalli, Cochin was installed as the Venad king during the rule of Portuguese.
DESINGA NADU
The Tulu Matriarchal kings who ruled between 1400 to 1620 AD married from Tamil royal dynasties, adopted Tamil names and pretended that they were Tamils. Though they married among the Tamils in a Matriarchal system their children could not become kings.
Only the kings sisters son born to a Nambuthiri can become the next king. But these kings called themselves by his wifes royal house of Villavars. If the Tulu king marries a Villavar princess, he called himself Cherala. After the defeat of Tamil kingdoms by Malik kafur in 1311 Villavars from Chera Chola and Pandyan kingdoms resided in the southern Kerala and Tamilnadu. A Chola family resided at Kalakkadu. When the Tulu Venad king married a princess from Kalakkad he called himself Chola, Puli Marthandan. But many Villavar families refused to give daughters to the reigning Venad kings as their sons cant become kings.
The Venad kings called themselves Jayasimhavamsam ie Chera-Ay dynasty possibly by queens marrying from that family. Other possibility that they were born to Attingal Rani and Nambuthiris and were not ethnically not related to Villavars but pretending to be Villavars. Villavars were still dominant in Venad and Southern Tamilnadu. Villavar people could occupy high offices in that era. Villavar supported the Tulu matriarchal kings against the Vjjayanagara Naiks. Because of the Villavar support Venad kings could annexe southern Tamilnadu up to Tuticorin.
The Venad kings after 1400 AD occupied southern Tamilnadu the areas still controlled by Tamil Villavars. The Tenkasi pandyan king had become a vassal of Vijayanagara Naiks. The Villavars opposed to the Vijayanagara Naiks and supported the Venad kings which enabled to occupy parts of the Tenkasi Kingdom. Southernmost portions of Tamilnadu in the Thirunelveli district and the coastal areas upto Tuticorin. The Venad kings had changed their capitals to places dominated by Tamil Villavar. Thus Kalakkad which had been the capital of Chola migrants, Ambasamudram and Kallidaikurichi of Pandyan migrants and Cherannadavi of Villavars became their capital. Kalakkadu was also called Mullinadu. These kings inscriptions were only in Tamil. Their names resembled kings of Chera-AI dynasty. They did not add birth stars to their names like the later Tulu-Nepalese dynasties eg Chitrathirunal, Moolam Thirunal etc. There is a possibility that the kings who ruled between 1400 to 1620 were actually patrilineal Tamils. This Venad kingdom called Chethungnadu. Few Nairs mixed with Vellala, Pillamar. But they could not dominate until 1620 AD.
SAMURAI
DECLINE OF VILLAVARS
In 1620 under Portuguese protection a Brahmin prince from Kochi kingdom called Kochuraman Unnipandarathil was planted in Venad as king along with migration of Northern Nairs. Nairs and Namputhiri dominance in Venad started in the 17th century with Portuguese support. After 1310 AD anybody with Arab,Turkish or European support could be adopted into Venad kingdom forcibly. This system allowed a graceful exit of the previous dynasty into oblivion. In 1620 a Brahmin prince from Vellarappalli Kovilakam, near Kaladi in the Kochi kingdom which was under the control of Portuguese was adopted into Venads royal family. This dynasty which ruled between 1620 to 1720 AD. These kings Pandarathil-Nambirattiyar dynasty kings and queens. Immediately the Tamil Villavar areas in the southern Tamilnadu separated from Venad and joined the Tenkasi Pandyan kingdom. This led to the isolation of Kerala Villavars. The northern Villavars the Panickers had already joined the Portuguese and converted themselves to Christianity.
SAMURAI
JOAO DA CRUZ
Joao Da Cruz was a Nair Noble man related to Samuthiri of Calicut. When Vasco da Gama visited Kozhikode Samuthiri was persuaded to sent one of his relatives to Portuguese kings court. Joao Da Cruz's real name is unknown. He was sent to Portuguese court when he was about 15 years. Some accounts state he was a Nair some others call him as a Chetty, possibly a Vania Nair. He was also called Martin. Joao Da Cruz was converted to Christianity and was raised in the Portuguese court at Lisbon. He married a Portuguese Noble women and was given three ships by the Portuguese king and was send back to India. Then misfortune struck him. All his ships sank off coast of Kerala. Indebted Joao Da Cruz was imprisoned at Cochin.
After his release he reinvented him as a horse trader. Until 1516 Paravas used to pay tax to Vijayanagara governor Thumbichi Naickar and the Venad king. But in 1516 the pearl fishing coast was leased to local Muslim chieftains by king Butala Veera Udaiya Marthanda Varma. After this in the southern coastal area of Tamilnadu Muslims were collecting tax from fishermen. Each day the fishermen have to pay money to the local Muslim chieftain before going to the sea for fishing. But the Portuguese wanted tribute for themselves which the muslim chieftains refused. This was long 14 year war between Portuguese and the Moors, Arab mixed muslims eventually leading to the defeat of Moors in 1528 by De Mello. After this Portuguese increased the tribute of the Moors who inturn extracted it from Paravas.
In 1534 there was a Fisher women selling Paniyaram, a sweetmeat in the Market. She picked up a quarrel with a local Muslim man there. The angry Muslim took a knife and cut off her earlobe. It was customary for the Tamil women to wear Pampadam, a heavy ornament in their elongated Earlobes. Cutting off the Pampadam with the ear was a disgrace to them. All the Paravas gathered around the Fisher women. In the ensuing battle between Paravas and Muslims many died. Mercenaries paid by the Muslims killed Paravas systematically.
Shortly in 1534 Joao Da Cruz came to Tuticorin. He learned the happenings from the Paravas. Joao Da Cruz sympathetic to the plight of Paravas advised them to join the Portuguese and get converted to Christianity. Joao Da Cruz promised that the Paravas once converted Portuguese would protect them and free them from the Muslim yoke. Though in the Naickar territory a sea power like Portuguese had their influence along the coast. Paravas agreed. In 1535, fifteen Parava Chieftains called Pattankattiyar(Patangatin) met Petro Vaz the captain at Cochin fort. The Parava Chieftains were converted to Christianity by Miguel Vaz a friar from Goa. Only after Paravas brought another 70 people Miguel Vaz agreed to Baptise them. Many of the Paravas adopted the same name as their saviour Joao Da Cruz. Moors tried to prevent the conversions. They sent two of their headman alongwith Cherina Marakkar who tried to bribe the Portuguese captain Pedro Vas with 20000 fanam, eight big Pearl's and cotton goods but the Captian did not budge. In 1536 two ships sailed from Cochin to Tuticorin carrying Joao Da Cruz, Miguel Vaz and other priests including Pedro Goncalves and the converted Paravas. In the year 1536 the entire Parava community, many thousands of them from Pearl fishery coast had been converted. Paravas paid 75000 fanams for protection which was reduced to 60000 fanams per annum on the recommendation of Miguel Vaz. Joao returned back to Cochin. In the year 1537 Joao met the Venad/Travancore king and offered him horses and requested permission to convert the local Paravars. But the Samuthiri the relative of Joao Da Cruz was not happy about it. Samuthiri send a navy with Marakkars resulting in a fierce sea battle off the coast of Cape Comerin and also land battle in 1537 AD.
Joao Da Cruz, a converted Nair, was thus instrumental in the conversion of Paravas of Tuticorin and Venad. Later Paravas of Srilanka were also converted.
SAMURAI
PORTUGUESE PROTECTION OF VENAD
The Venad kings facing annihilation from Vijayanagara Naiks of Madurai. Ventru Mankonda Boothala Veera Udaiya Marthanda Varma alias Unnikutty Varma was ruling Venad from 1516 to1535. He gave tax exemption to newly converted Parava Christian's. Veera Kerala Varma who ruled Venad between 1544 to 1545 assisted Jesuit priest St.Francis Xavier to spread Christianity. Vijayanagara Naiks were opposed to Christian to Christian conversions. In 1546 Madurai Viswanatha Naickars commander Ramaraya Vittala invaded Venad in 1546 AD, St.Francis Xavier went as mediator who met Ramaraya Vittala with his advancing army. St.Francis Xavier brokered peace with Madurai Naiks with a promise of annual tribute to Madurai Naiks by Venad kingdom.
Ramaraya Vittalan built the tower of Sucindram Temple and returned to Madurai in 1545 AD. The presence of Portuguese in Kerala prevented the Madurai Naiks from occupying Venad. Another reason is the Villavar of Kerala and southern Tamilnadu supported Venad kings in that period.
ASCENDANCY OF ETTUVEETIL PILLAMAR
After the installation of Brahmin rulers in 1620. Most of the Governmenr jobs and Military jobs. At the same time the Pillamar had questionable fighting capacity.
SAMURAI
NAIRS NEVER WON A WAR AGAINST ANY INVADERS
KONKAN PADA
In the fourteenth century few hundred Gaundanmar from Coimbatore who were mostly drrawn from peasants. In rhe following war thousands of Nairs were massacred. Each year a Bawai like festival is conducted to commmemorate the incident.
MADURAI NAIK WAR
In 1634 Velayyan of Madurai Naik kingdom invaded Venad. King Unni Kerala Varma was ruling Venad. Ravikutti Pilla, the commander of Venad army repulsed the attack. Ravikutty Pillai was made Chief Minister and the Commander-in-Chief of Venad. But when Thirumala Naickar sent another army under the leadership of Ramappayyan Venads army was decimated at battle at Kaniyamkulam. Within minutes Ravikutty pilla was slain by the Naicker army who killed considerable numbers of the Nair army making the rest of them to flee. The Naickers always carried Pooja materials whenever they invaded Venad. Each time, their the war with Nairs lasted only for few minutes. Then Naickers proceeded to Sucindram temple in the enemy territory to offer prayers. Madurai Naickars sent relatively small armies less than 5000 numbered. Travancore had 30000 strong Nair armies but Naickers knew that they will run away.
MUKILAN PADA
A petty mughal sirdar possibly rogue, entered Venad/Travancore in 1680 when Umayamma was ruling with five hundred soldiers. He was wandering inside Travancore at Thiruvattar and Manarkadu for more than six months. Thirty thousand strong Queens army was not successful against Mugilan pada. Umayamma Rani. Van Rheede when he visited Umayamma Rani in 1675, the Ranis personal protective force itself contained 800 Nairs. It is because Nairs were reluctant to fight with the highly trained Mogul army. The rebellious Pillamar also avoided fighting with the Mugilan Pada.
The five hundred strong Mukilanpada was collecting tax from Varkala to Thovala. Mukilanpada destroyed Budhapuram temple managed by Tulu brahmins despite the defence by few Nairs and Channars. Mukilan went through them. Ettuveettil pillamar locked the Padnanabha swamy temple because they wrre afraid of standing there and defending the temple. Finally a prince from North called Kottayam Keralavarma decided to confront Mukilan. Most of the Mukilans army had gone to collect tax and were scattered between Varkala to Thovalai. The Mukilan was residing at Thiruvattar with one or two hundred soldiers with him. Still Nairs were not ready to fight with him. Instead they poisoned the well where Mukilans army was taking water. Kottayam keralavarma and his Nairs were lucky. When they confronted Mukilan, Mukilan was attacked by a swarm of Honeybees and fell down from the horse and was injured. Nairs still did not go near him. Nairs used slingshots and Arrows to kill Mukilan. Following this Mukilans army left Kerala.
Thus a swarm of honey bees saved Brave Kottayam Kerala Varma seemed as heir apparent to Umayammarani who had lost all her children. But Kottayam keralavarna was brutally murdered by Pillamar at his house in 1696.
SAMURAI
MYSORE INVASION
IN 1734In 1734 a 30000 strong Mysore attacked Kerala under the invitation of Araikkal Beevis. The army commanded by Gopalji captured all the forts of Kolathiri prince Kunhi Ambu upto Dharmadam and Koodali near Kannur. In that occupation Nair soldiers were not visible. Kunhi Ambu made a deal with the English factor of Thellissery that he would pay a huge amount. The East India company fought and chased away out of Malabar. Malabar would have become Karnataka without EIC assistance.
KOLATHIRI LOVE
Not all the Kolathiris hated Mysorean invaders. Mahmood Khan Mahmood,the Urdu historian says that at the time in 1763 when Bednur was captured by Hyder, the daughter of Kolathiri fell in love with a rich Muslim called Ali. It seems Nairs did not like this.
HYDER ALI
In 1768 invasion Hyder became the supreme leader of Kozhikode. Hyder appointed Maddhanna a Brahmin, a revenue officer from Mysore as the Governor of Malabar. Hyder left 3000 strong Mysore Regular army at Kozhikode and Hyder returned to Mysore. Once Hyder left their territory Nairs from Kadathanad and Kottayam revolted under Kapputhamban and reoccupied their territories. Immediately Hyder came back. When he returned all the Nair offensives stopped. Once again Hyder went back to Coimbatore as he faced the threat of Maratha invasion.
Once again Nairs of Kottayam revolted resulting in the withdrawal of 4000 strong Mysore army from Kannur. But there was no war. But when they attempted to harass the Kozhikode garrison Maddhanna resisted successfully. Madhanna made deal with the New Samuthiri that yearly tribute will be paid to Mysore. Madhanna collected compensation from those Nair lords who had revolted against him and left for Mysore. Total number of Mysore army was only 7000.
In that era Mappillahs were not supporting the Mysore army. So Nairs had some courage to fight the Mysore army. But when the Araikal Beevis and Mapillahs supported the Mysore army Nairs did not have the courage to fight the Mysore army.
SECOND INVASION OF MYSORE 1773
Haidar sent an army under the leadership of Srinivasarao and Sayyid Sahib came to Kozhikode without any resistance. Mysore came under direct Mysore Suzernity once again. Srinivasarao was appointed as Civil Governor while Sardhar Khan was appointed as military commander. Nairs under Kolathiri and Samuthiri did not dare to fight the Mysore army.
COCHIN KING
Now Hyderali demanded compensation for his war expenditure, one lakh ikkeri Pagodas from Cochin King. who had no involvement in the war. Cochin king readily agreed. But Hyder also demanded that tax collected from Thalappalli the previous year. Cochin king refused. Sardar Khan was angered by this. He from Chavakkad, through Kunnamkulam Came with 3000 soldiers and occupied Thrissur in 1776. Cochin king sent messengers to Srirangapattinam and informed them that he was willing to pay annual tribute. Cochin King might have had atleast 60000 strong Nair army. Nandietter nadu Kaimals alone had 43300 soldiers. Why should the Cochin king with 60000 strong Nair army should surrender to Mysore army. Though the Tulu-Nepalese rulers of Kerala used Nairs to terrorise the disarmed local population of Kerala they knew that nairs cant win any war against any well trained army.
THE DUTCH
The Dutch unlike their Portuguese were not strong enough to protect their vessels the Cochin kings. Cochin kings had about ten thousand Nair soldiers. During the Portuguese era a strong Christian army commanded by Mestizo and Panickar army. But under Dutch the reluctant Christian army led by Vallikada Panicker had been defeated by Marthanda Varma who had the support of British. The Nairs of Cochin kingdom were no match for Hyders army. So the Cochin kings, Nambiadris preferred to pay whatever amount Hyder demanded. Sardar khan requested safe passage through Dutch territories on their way towards Travancore. When refused Sardar khan occupied Chettuva fort and Pappinvattom which were Dutch posession. He occupied Kodungallur.
SAMURAI
NEDUMKOTTA
Sardar Khan stopped north of Nedumkotta a mud and stone defence fortification which extended along Periar, Chalakudy river. Anamudi hills which had been built by Raja Kesavadas. It was 12 foot high and 20 foot wide with a 16 foot wide and 20 foot deep moat. It is believed to be 48 km long. Built between 1757 to 1762 by Raja Kesavadas allegedly on the advices of Delennoy. Somebody dumb enough to believe that would stop Mysore's armies.
VELLUVA KAMMARAN NAMBIAR
Many Nairs had joined the army of Hyderali and had embraced Islam. Velluva Kammaran Nambiar had switched sides and joined Hyderali in 1757 and served him as an Important commander. After conversion he was known as Ayaz Khan. Ayaz Khan was appointed as the Governor of Chitradurga, one of the richest provinces of Karnataka. When Ayaz Khan said he cant talk Kannada, Hyder advised him not to talk but use a whip instead.Hyder treated him like a son. Ayaz Khan was the Governor of Bednur he crossed sides and surrendered to British and gave the control of Bednur fort to British. British paid monthly allowance of 4000 Rs, a huge some after his retirement to Bombay.
HYDERALI'S INVASION 1776
When Hyderali invaded Kerala he proceeded without much resistance. Ali Raja had set fire to the Kolathiris palace. Hyderali came with 4000 cavalryand 8000 foot soldiers total 12000 soldiers. Kolathiris 20000 strong Nair soldiers could have fought with Hyderali and could have defeated him. The Kottayam, Kadathanadu, and Kurumbranadu soldiers might have fought against HyderaliAnother 20000 Nair soldiers were there at Samuthiris Kozhikode. Nearly 50000 Nair soldiers were in the Malabar. Even if they could not defeat they could have fought and become martyrs. But Nairs developed cold feet as the 8000 soldiers of Araikkal Beevis joined Hyder Ali. Most Nairs ran away to Travancore.
Kolathiri and Samuthiris were left to fend for themselves with few hundred soldiers. Kolathiri found refuge at Thalassery under British. Hyderali moved to Calicut. None of the Nairs dared to fight him. The Samudiri went and met Hyderali and offered all his personal wealth to Hyder Ali. Hyder Ali demanded one crore Gold Mohurs. Samudiri did not have that much money. So he went back to his palace and set fire to the palace and died. From Samudiris twenty thousand strong army mostly were safe running away to Travancore. Hardly anybody died.
NAIR DEPORTATION
About 15000 surrendered Nairs had been deported by Hyder to Srirangapattinam in 1766. Only 200 of them came back. Rest of them converted to Islam and settled down at Karnataka. Unless Nairs surrendered voluntarily it would not be easy to capture 15000 people. Hyder had only 8000 Foot soldiers and 4000 Cavalry, total 12000. Out of the 40000 to 50000 army of Kolathiri and Samuthiri most of them escaped to Travancore and started harassing locals.
TIPPUS INVASION
Following Tipus invasion in 1785 many clans of the Kolathiri family had migrated to Travancore to Kottarakkara, Mariyapally, Aranmula and Thiruvalla. With this a large scale migration of Nairs to Travancore which was a protectorate of British occurred at 1785 AD. In 1789 one of the Kolathiri princes, was killed by Tipu's soldiers during his escape and his dead body was dragged by elephants through Tipu's camp and subsequently hung upon a tree, along with 17 of his followers.
SLAVERY
Many Nair women were enslaved and sold as slaves on Tippus order. Tippu declared that Nairs status had been reduced to Lowest caste.
NEDUMKOTTA
Many stories of Nonexistent Nair bravery was woven around the fort. Ridiculous claims that Tippu was blocked from entering Travancore by this heap of mud.Tippus army was the state of art army which were the first to use rockets in warfare.
SAMURAI
NAIR BRAVERY
1. In 1789 Tippu Sulthan with his army entered the wall but was ambushed by Vaikkom Padmanabha Pillai and his 20 member army and were defeated by them. Tippu had a formidable army but was no match to the southern Nairs who were formidable liars.
2. Tippu reached Periar river banks after breeching the wall. The brave Nair warriors Vaikkom Padmanabha Pillai and Kunjai kutty pillai with their team went upstream to the Boothathankettu Dam and managed to break the Dam causing a heavy flood in the Periar. The Gunpowder and ammunition of Tippu Sultan's army got wet and could not be used. So Tippu Sultan was forced to retreat. These kind of ridiculous stories circulated in that era.
VELLALA
Vellala were a Tamil agricultural caste. Vellala an opportunistic Tamil clan of Kalabhra/Kalappalar descent who adopted the marriage less Sambandham customs of Matriarchy and mixed with Nairs. The sons born to Vellala women by Nairs were called Pillais.(Nairs were known by their mothers surname not the fathers. Because of the custom of Polyandry paternity cant be established).
As early as 12th century Vellalas aligned with Nairs. Tulu invader Banapperumal divided his kingdom into 19 parts and gave 5 parts to Kshatriya (Bana, Pally), 8 parts to Samantha ( Tulu Bana Bunt Nayanar Nambiyar) and 6 parts to Vellala (Tamil Kalappalar) according to Keralolpathy. Vellalas from Chola country had been planted in southern Kerala by Chola invaders around 1060 AD. These Vellalas were under a suppressed state under the Chera-AI dynasty between 1102 to 1335 AD). But after the fall of Pandyan empire in 1311 a Nair mixed Vellalas called Pillamar dominated southern Kerala. Pillamar were pro Tulu and supporters of Kolathiri kingdom.
Pillamar opposed installation of Brahmin rulers from Vellarappalli Kovilaham, Kalady Pandarathil family in 1620 during the rule of Portuguese. Pandarathil-Nambirattiyar dynasty ruled Venad between 1620 to 1720 AD despite severe opposition of Pillamar. All the five children of last Nambrattiyar queen Umayamma were drowned in a Pottakulam by Pillamar.
When Marthandavarma's uncle Ramavarma who was a Samantha Kshatriya attached to the Pally Kovilakam of Parappanad was son of the ruler of Beppur Thattari Kovilakam. Beppur was in the vicinity of British factory at Thellichery. Pillamar considered Ramavarmaas a petty Samantha brought to rule over Travancore under the protection of British. British sent an army from Trichy to defend him. However when Ramavarma married a Vellala woman called Abhirami from Salem the opposition decreased. But by Matriarchal system Marthandavarma came to power Pillamar opposed him. Pillamar wanted a Patrilineal Vellala dynasty headed by Pappu and Raman Thambi. But the British foiled their plan.
With British support and some local tribal support Marthanda Varma came to power. Thus a Tulu Bunt rule was reestablished in Travancore. A large influx of Nairs from Kannur started. Many rebellious pillamar were exiled to Maldives. Women from Pillamar families were sold as slaves to fishermen Many Pillamar leaders were executed. But Pillamars strength lay in large No of Tamil castes who aligned with them.
So under the British their cronys the Travancore kings were made to marry queens from Pillamar families mainly Arumana, Vadassery and Thiruvattar ammaveedus. These were originally Matrilineal Vellalala houses. But these queens were barred from participating in politics. Their children were called Thambi and Thangachi meaning Brother and Sister in Tamil. When king Swathithirunal from the Beppur dynasty married a dancing girl from thanjavur from Vellala Mudalis a new ammaveedu called Thanjavur Ammaveedu was created. Vellalas similar to Nairs called themselves Savarna.
SAMURAI
SLAVERY OF VILLAVAR
The Natives Dravidian population including Villavars had to endure them. Most of the Dravidians had no means to counter British or their modern weaponry and their protege Nairs. Many Villavar people had only swords and Mussel loading guns. Many of the Villavar people became outlaws and Bandits in that era.
TRAVANCORE
The real power behind Marthanda Varma and his successors were the British. In the presence of British the Nairs became belligerent. The Vellala mixed Nairs of Travancore were not much of warriors. Vijaya Nagara Naiks had appointed a resident called Periaveetu Mudaliar to collect tax from them prior to British arrival. Because of their Tamil mixture these Pillais could harass the Travancore rulers who were Tulu Samantha's from Kolathiri family or the Brahmins from Vellarappalli Kovilaham Kaladi. Vellarappalli dynasty had been planted in 1620 AD during the Portuguesd era.
KAYAMKULAM WAR
Around 1740 AD Marthanda Varma sent a British supplied freelancing soldiers from Thirunelveli. One thousand low paid Marava soldiers were sent against the Kayamkulam army containing five thousand Marava soldiers under Ponnampandy Thevar. In a few hours all five thousand Nair soldiers had been slain by the Maravas. The Kayamkulam king attempted suicide and Marthandavarma could annex Kayamkukam.
Marthandavarma in his campaigns against Cochi had appointed a Vellala general from Thirunelveli called Arumugam pillai. Actually British were controlling Travancore using Tamil Brahmins. Large number of Nair migration after 1776 to Travancore resulted increased the population of Nairs. This resulted in the harassment of local population. This led to a land grabbing spree of Nairs with the help of local government. Many lost their ancestral properties to Nairs. Stringent laws enforced that non-Nairs cant own more than ten acres. These Tuluvan Nairs suddenly became the masters under the British. The same people who ran away from Hyder and Tippu now pretended they were great warriors. In the 19th century bulk of the Nairs in Travancore were Tuluvans. Until the British arrival the elite mercenaries and bodyguards of the Travancore kings were Non-Nairs. But under the British appointed Tamil brahmin ministers only Nairs were allowed military service. Veluthambi Thalava in 1807 was so particular that only Nairs were allowed in military service. He himself belonged to the Beppur dynasty brought by British to Travancore.
LANGUAGE
Nairs and Nambuthiris talked with a Nepalese dialect. They used Tulu script( Tigalari Script) to write.
The earlier Nairs had adopted the local Malayanma dialect which was mostly a Dravidian tongue. But the new migrants talked a Nepalese slang similar to the language of Samantha rulers of Travancore. The new comers insisted that the locals respond with them in the same tongue.The locals called it Noppalam, painful Nepalese. The Tulu writing system brought by them was made official. The British missionary Benjamin Bailey went to Mangalore to study the Tulu Script, Tigalari script. Benjamin Bailey made types in Tulu/Tigalari script which would replace all the native writing systems such as Malayanma and Vatteluttu.
The heavy mixture of Nepalese in Malayalam is the result of Nair occupation of Kerala. The modern Malayalam is written with Tulu/ Tigalari script brought by Tulu invaders, the Nairs, Nambuthiris and Tulu Samantha.
British cleverly enrolled Nairs in the Madras regiment and shifted them out of Kerala.
NEPALESE IN MALAYALAM
Until 19th century the vernacular language of indigenous Dravidian people of Kerala was Malayanma which was devoid of Nepalese words but had few Sanskrit words. Philipose Rambans Bible was the last Malayanma book printed in 1811 AD.
After 1815 British missionaries changed policy and started promoting the Grantha Malayalam, a Nepalese mixed malayalam exclusively used by Nambuthiris and some Nairs, then used by less than 5% of the population.
Church Mission Society Kottayam and the British Missionary Benjamin Bailey and German missionary Herman Gundert were instrumental in the promotion of Nepalese colloquial words as Sanskrit. More than 3000 Nepalese words were added to Malayalam, a Dravidian language.
The place origin of these words is Ahichatra, capital of ancient from where Kadamba king Mayura Varma brought Aryan Brahmins and Naga warriors to Karnataka and settled them in Tulunad in 345 AD. Banapperumal a Tulu prince from Alupas Kingdom invaded Kerala in 1120 AD with a 350000 strong Nair army.
After the invasion of Malik Kafur in 1311 AD all the Tamil Kingdoms cane to an end. The Matriarchal kingdoms which followed after 1340 AD had this Tulu-Nepalese heritage.
In the 19th century Malayanma was deliberately mixed with these Nepalese words. The resultant language was popularised as Puthu Malayalam.
Nepalese words in Malayalam
🇳🇵 Abbreviated संक्षिप्त Saṅkṣipta സംക്ഷിപ്തമായി
🇳🇵 Abduction अपहरण Apaharaṇa അപഹരണം
🇳🇵 Aborigine आदिवासी Ādivāsī ആദിവാസി
🇳🇵 Acceptance स्वीकृति Svīkr̥ti സ്വീകാരം
🇳🇵 Accidental आकस्मिक Ākasmika ആകസ്മികമായ
🇳🇵 Accumulation संचय San̄caya സഞ്ചയം
🇳🇵 Acknowledgement स्वीकार Svīkāra സ്വീകാരം
🇳🇵 Actor अभिनेता Abhinētā അഭിനേതാവ്
🇳🇵 Actress अभिनेत्री Abhinētrī അഭിനേത്രി
🇳🇵 Addressing सम्बोधन Sambōdhana സംബോധനചെയ്യല്
🇳🇵 Adequacy पर्याप्तता Paryāptatā പര്യാപ്തത
🇳🇵 Adjective विशेषण Viśēṣaṇa വിശേഷണം
🇳🇵 Admission प्रवेश Pravēśa പ്രവേശനം
🇳🇵 Adore पूजा गर्नु Pūjā garnu പൂജിക്കുക
🇳🇵 Adulteressव्यभिचारिणी Vyabhicāriṇī വ്യഭിചാരിണി
🇳🇵 Adultery व्यभिचार Vyabhicāra വ്യഭിചാരം
🇳🇵 Advent आगमन Āgamana ആഗമനം
🇳🇵 Adventure साहसिक Sāhasika സാഹസിക
🇳🇵 Adversary विरोधी Virōdhī വിരോധി
🇳🇵 Adverse प्रतिकूल Pratikūla പ്രതികൂലമായ
🇳🇵 Advertisement विज्ञापन Vijñāpana വിജ്ഞാപനം
🇳🇵 Affection ममता Mamatā മമത
🇳🇵 Affection स्नेह Snēha സ്നേഹം
🇳🇵 Affliction पीडा Pīḍā പീഡ
🇳🇵 Aggression आक्रामकता Ākrāmakatā ആക്രമണം
🇳🇵 Agriculture कृषि Kr̥ṣi കൃഷി
🇳🇵 Aid सहायता Sahāyatā സഹായം
🇳🇵 Allegation आरोप Ārōpa ആരോപണം
🇳🇵 Allow अनुमति Anumati അനുമതി
🇳🇵 Almanac पंचांग Pan̄cāṅga പഞ്ചാംഗം
🇳🇵 Alms भिक्षा Bhikṣā ഭിക്ഷ
🇳🇵 Amazing आश्चर्यजनक Āścaryajanaka ആശ്ചര്യജനകമായ
🇳🇵 Ambrosia अमृत Amr̥ta അമൃതം
🇳🇵 Anarchy अराजकता Arājakatā അരാജകത്വം
🇳🇵 Ancient पुरानो Purānō പുരാണമായ
🇳🇵 Anniversary वार्षिकोत्सव Vārṣikōtsava വാര്ഷികോത്സവം
🇳🇵 Annual वार्षिक Vārṣika വാര്ഷികമായ
🇳🇵 Anointing अभिषेक गर्दै Abhiṣēka gardai അഭിഷേകംചെയ്യല്
🇳🇵 Answer उत्तर Uttara ഉത്തരം
🇳🇵 Antagonist विरोधी Virōdhī വിരോധി
🇳🇵 Anxiety चिन्ता Cintā ചിന്താകുലത
🇳🇵 Apology माफ Māpha माफी Māphī മാപ്പു
🇳🇵 Appointed नियुक्त Niyukta നിയുക്തമായ
🇳🇵 Appointment नियुक्ति Niyukti നിയുക്തമായ
🇳🇵 Apprehension आशंका Āśaṅkā ആശങ്ക
🇳🇵 Archer धनुर्धारी Dhanurdhārī ധനുര്ധാരി
🇳🇵 Argument तर्क Tarka തര്ക്കം
🇳🇵 Armour कवच Kavaca കവചം
🇳🇵 Arrangement व्यवस्था Vyavasthā വ്യവസ്ഥ
🇳🇵 Arrival आगमन Āgamana ആഗമനം
🇳🇵 Arrogance अहंकार Ahaṅkāra അഹങ്കാരം
🇳🇵 Arrogant अहंकारी Ahaṅkārī അഹങ്കാരിയായ
🇳🇵 Art कला Kalā കല
NEPALESE IN MALAYALAM
🇳🇵 Article लेख Lēkha ലേഖനം
🇳🇵 Artificial कृत्रिम Kr̥trima കൃത്രിമമായ
🇳🇵 Asking सोध्दै Sōdhdai ചോദ്യം
🇳🇵 Assault आक्रमण Ākramaṇa ആക്രമണം
🇳🇵 Assumption धारणा Dhāraṇā ധാരണ
🇳🇵 Astonishment आश्चर्य Āścarya ആശ്ചര്യം
🇳🇵 Asylum शरण Śaraṇa ശരണാലയം
🇳🇵 Atheist नास्तिक Nāstika നാസ്തികന്
🇳🇵 Atom परमाणु Paramāṇu പരമാണു
🇳🇵 Atonement प्रायश्चित Prāyaścita പ്രായശ്ചിത്തം
🇳🇵 Attack आक्रमण Ākramaṇa ആക്രമണം
🇳🇵 Attainment प्राप्ति Prāpti പ്രാപ്തി
🇳🇵 Attendant परिचर Paricara പരിചാരകന്
🇳🇵 Attraction आकर्षण Ākarṣaṇa ആകര്ഷണം
🇳🇵 Attractive आकर्षक Ākarṣaka ആകര്ഷകമായ
🇳🇵 Auspicious शुभ Śubha ശുഭമായ
🇳🇵 Author लेखक Lēkhaka ലേഖകന്
🇳🇵 Authorised अधिकृत Adhikr̥ta അധികൃത
🇳🇵 Authority अधिकार Adhikāra അധികാരം
🇳🇵 Auxiliary सहायक Sahāyaka സഹായകമായ
🇳🇵 Base आधार Ādhāra ആധാരമാക്കുക
🇳🇵 Base आधार Ādhāra ആധാരമാക്കുക
🇳🇵 Basis आधार Ādhāra ആധാരം
🇳🇵 Beam किरण Kiraṇa കിരണം
🇳🇵 Beauty सुन्दरता Sundaratā സുന്ദരി
🇳🇵 Behaviour व्यवहार Vyavahāra വ്യവഹാരം
🇳🇵 Belief विश्वास Viśvāsa വിശ്വാസം
🇳🇵 Believer विश्वासी Viśvāsī വിശ്വാസി
🇳🇵 Beloved प्रिय Priya പ്രിയന്
🇳🇵 Birth जन्म Janma ജന്മ
🇳🇵 Blessing आशीर्वाद Āśīrvāda ആശീര്വ്വാദം
🇳🇵 Blind अन्धा Andhā അന്ധത
🇳🇵 Bodyguard अंगरक्षक Aṅgarakṣaka അംഗരക്ഷകന്
🇳🇵 Book पुस्तक Pustaka പുസ്തകം
🇳🇵 Born जन्म Janma ജന്മം
🇳🇵 Boundary सीमा Sīmā സീമ Tulu: adiru അതിര്
🇳🇵 Brain मस्तिष्क Mastiṣka മസ്തിഷ്കം
🇳🇵 Branch साखा Sākhā ശാഖ
🇳🇵 Brimstone गन्धक Gandhaka ഗന്ധകം
🇳🇵 Broad विस्तृत Vistr̥ta വിസ്തൃതമായ
🇳🇵 Brutality क्रूरता Krūratā ക്രൂരത
🇳🇵 Built निर्मित Nirmita നിര്മ്മിതമായ
NEPALESE IN MALAYALAM
🇳🇵 Cycle चक्र Cakra ചക്രം
🇳🇵 Curious जिज्ञासु Jijñāsu ജിജ്ഞാസുവായ
🇳🇵 Curiosity जिज्ञासा Jijñāsā ജിജ്ഞാസ
🇳🇵 Cultural सांस्कृतिक Sānskr̥tika സാംസ്കാരിക
🇳🇵 Cruelty क्रूरता Krūratā ക്രൂരത
🇳🇵 Criminal आपराधिक Āparādhika അപരാധി
🇳🇵 Crime अपराध Aparādha അപരാധം
🇳🇵 Creator निर्माता Nirmātā നിര്മ്മാതാവ്
🇳🇵 Creation सृष्टि Sr̥ṣṭi സൃഷ്ടി
🇳🇵 Courage साहस Sāhasa സാഹസികത
🇳🇵 Country देश Dēśa ദേശം
🇳🇵 Corrupt भ्रष्ट Bhraṣṭa ഭ്രഷ്ടമായ
🇳🇵 Coronation राज्याभिषेक Rājyābhiṣēka രാജ്യാഭിഷേകം
🇳🇵 Cooperative सहकारी Sahakārī സഹകരണം
🇳🇵 Coolness शीतलता Śītalatā ശീതളാവസ്ഥ
🇳🇵 Controversy विवाद Vivāda വിവാദം
🇳🇵 Control नियन्त्रण Niyantraṇa നിയന്ത്രണം
🇳🇵 Contradict विरोधाभास Virōdhābhāsa വിരോധിക്കുക
🇳🇵 Contentment सन्तुष्टि Santuṣṭi സന്തുഷ്ടി
🇳🇵 Contempt अवहेलना Avahēlanā അവഹേളനം
🇳🇵 Contemplation चिन्तन Cintana ചിന്തനം
🇳🇵 Contamination संदूषण Sandūṣaṇa ദൂഷണം
🇳🇵 Contaminated दूषित Dūṣita ദുഷിപ്പിക്കുക
🇳🇵 Contact सम्पर्क Samparka സമ്പര്ക്കം
🇳🇵 Consumption उपभोग Upabhōga ഉപഭോഗം
🇳🇵 Consumer उपभोक्ता Upabhōktā ഉപഭോക്താവ്
🇳🇵 Construction निर्माण Nirmāṇa നിര്മ്മാണം
🇳🇵 Constituent घटक Ghaṭaka ഘടകം
🇳🇵 Consonant व्यंजन Vyan̄jana വ്യഞ്ജനാക്ഷരം
🇳🇵 Consecration अभिषेक Abhiṣēka അഭിഷേകം
🇳🇵 Consciousness चेतना Cētanā ചേതന
🇳🇵 Conjunction संयोजन Sanyōjana സംയോജനം
🇳🇵 Conjecture अनुमान Anumāna അനുമാനം
🇳🇵 Conformity अनुरूप Anurūpa ആനുരൂപ്യം
🇳🇵 Conformity अनुरूप Anurūpa അനുരൂപമാക്കുക
🇳🇵 Confident आत्मविश्वास Ātmaviśvāsa ആത്മവിശ്വാസം
🇳🇵 Conferance सम्मेलन Sam'mēlana സമ്മേളനം
🇳🇵 Confection मिठाई Miṭhā'ī മിഠായി
🇳🇵 Condition अवस्था Avasthā അവസ്ഥ
🇳🇵 Condiment मसाला Masālā മസാല
🇳🇵 Condensation संक्षेपण Saṅkṣēpaṇa സംക്ഷേപം
🇳🇵 Conclusive निर्णायक Nirṇāyaka നിര്ണ്ണായകമായ
🇳🇵 Concentration एकाग्रता Ēkāgratā ഏകാഗ്രത
🇳🇵 Conceit अहंकार Ahaṅkāra അഹങ്കാരം
🇳🇵 Compound मिश्रित Miśrita മിശ്രിതം
🇳🇵 Composition रचना Racanā രചന
🇳🇵 Compose रचना Racanā രചന
🇳🇵 Complexity जटिलता Jaṭilatā ജടിലത
🇳🇵 Complete पूर्ण Pūrṇa പൂര്ണ്ണമായ
🇳🇵 Complete पूर्ण Pūrṇa പൂര്ണ്ണത
🇳🇵 Compilation संकलन Saṅkalana സങ്കലനം
🇳🇵 Compassionate दयालु Dayālu ദയാലുവായ
🇳🇵 Compassion करुणा Karuṇā കരുണ
🇳🇵 Common सामान्य Sāmān'ya സാമാന്യം
🇳🇵 Commonसाधारण Sādhāraṇaസാധാരണമായ
🇳🇵 Committee समिति Samiti സമിതി
🇳🇵 Commitment प्रतिबद्धता Pratibad'dhatā പ്രതിബദ്ധത
🇳🇵 Commerce वाणिज्य Vāṇijya വാണിജ്യം
🇳🇵 Command आदेश Ādēśa ആദേശം
🇳🇵 Combined संयुक्त Sanyukta സംയുക്തം
🇳🇵 Coefficient गुणांक Guṇāṅka ഗുണനസംഖ്യ
🇳🇵 Clearly स्पष्ट Spaṣṭa സ്പഷ്ടമായി
🇳🇵 Classmate सहपाठी Sahapāṭhī സഹപാഠി
🇳🇵 Clarity स्पष्टता Spaṣṭatā സ്പഷ്ടത
🇳🇵 Churn मंथन Manthana മന്ഥനി
🇳🇵 Chief minister मुख्यमन्त्री Mukhyamantrī മുഖ്യമന്ത്രി
🇳🇵 Charioteer सारथी Sārathī സാരഥി
🇳🇵 Chariot रथ Ratha രഥം
🇳🇵 Character चरित्र Caritra ചാരിത്യ്രം
🇳🇵 Chapter अध्याय Adhyāya അധ്യായം
🇳🇵 Chairperson अध्यक्ष Adhyakṣa അധ്യക്ഷൻ
🇳🇵 Certificate प्रमाणपत्र Pramāṇapatra പ്രമാണപത്രം
🇳🇵 Certain निश्चित Niścita നിശ്ചിതമായ
🇳🇵 Ceremonial औपचारिक Aupacārika ഔപചാരികമായ
🇳🇵 Centre केन्द्र Kēndra കേന്ദ്രം
🇳🇵 Celibacy ब्रह्मचर्य Brahmacarya ബ്രഹ്മചര്യം
🇳🇵 Celebration उत्सव Utsava ഉത്സവം
🇳🇵 Cause कारण Kāraṇa കാരണം
🇳🇵 Caste जाति Jāti ജാതി
🇳🇵 Capital cityराजधानी Rājadhānī രാജധാനി
🇳🇵 Capacity क्षमता Kṣamatā കാര്യക്ഷമത
NEPALESE IN MALAYALAM
🇳🇵 Cancellation रद्द Radda റദ്ദാക്കൽ
🇳🇵 Calmness शान्त Śānta ശാന്തത
🇳🇵 Calamity विपत्ति Vipatti വിപത്ത്
🇳🇵 District जिल्ला Jillā ജില്ല
🇳🇵 Distribution वितरण Vitaraṇa വിതരണം
🇳🇵 Dissolve विघटन Vighaṭana വിഘടനം
🇳🇵 Dissimilar भिन्न Bhinna ഭിന്നമായ
🇳🇵 Dissatisfaction असन्तुष्टि Asantuṣṭi അസന്തുഷ്ടി
🇳🇵 Disrespect अनादर Anādara അനാദരവ്
🇳🇵 Disregard उपेक्षा Upēkṣā ഉപേക്ഷ
🇳🇵 Disposition स्वभाव Svabhāva സ്വഭാവം
🇳🇵 Displeasure असन्तुष्टि Asantuṣṭi അസന്തുഷ്ടി
🇳🇵 Disparity असमानता Asamānatā അസമാനത
🇳🇵 Dishonour अनादर Anādara അനാദരിക്കുക
🇳🇵 Disgrace अपमान Apamāna അപമാനം
🇳🇵 Disease रोग Rōga രോഗം
🇳🇵 Discretion विवेक Vivēka വിവേകം
🇳🇵 Discovery आविष्कार Āviṣkāra ആവിഷ്ക്കരണം
🇳🇵 Disconnection विच्छेदन Vicchēdana വിച്ഛേദനം
🇳🇵 Disbeliefअविश्वास Aviśvāsa അവിശ്വാസം
🇳🇵 Disappointment निराशा Nirāśā നിരാശ
🇳🇵 Disability अशक्तता Aśaktatā അശക്തത
🇳🇵 Dimension विस्तार Vistāra വിസ്താരം
🇳🇵 Dictionary शब्दकोश Śabdakōśa ശബ്ദകോശം
🇳🇵 Diameter व्यास Vyāsa വ്യാസം
🇳🇵 Dialogue संवाद Sanvāda സംവാദം
🇳🇵 Devotion भक्ति Bhakti ഭക്തി
🇳🇵 Development विकास Vikāsa വികാസം
🇳🇵 Devastation विनाश Vināśa വിനാശം
🇳🇵 Detrimental हानिकारक Hānikāraka ഹാനികരമായ
🇳🇵 Destruction विनाश Vināśa വിനാശം
🇳🇵 Destroyer विनाशक Vināśaka വിനാശകന്
🇳🇵 Desire इच्छा Icchā ഇച്ഛ
🇳🇵 Desert मरुभूमि Marubhūmi മരുഭൂമി
🇳🇵 Description वर्णन Varṇana വര്ണ്ണനം
🇳🇵 Deposit निक्षेप Nikṣēpa നിക്ഷേപം
🇳🇵 Dependent आश्रित Āśrita ആശ്രിതന്
🇳🇵 Department विभाग Vibhāga വിഭാഗം
🇳🇵 Dental दन्त Danta ദന്ത
🇳🇵 Demonstration प्रदर्शन Pradarśana പ്രദര്ശനം
🇳🇵 Demon राक्षस Rākṣasa രാക്ഷസന്
🇳🇵 Deliberation विचार Vicāra വിചാരപൂര്വ്വം
🇳🇵 Deity देवता Dēvatā ദേവത
🇳🇵 Deformity विकृति Vikr̥ti വികൃതമായ
🇳🇵 Deformed विकृत Vikr̥ta വികൃതമായ
🇳🇵 Definite निश्चित Niścita നിശ്ചിതമായ
🇳🇵 Defile अशुद्ध Aśud'dha അശുദ്ധമാക്കുക
🇳🇵 Defiance अवहेलना Avahēlanā അവഹേളനം
🇳🇵 Deference आदर Ādara ആദരം
🇳🇵 Defence रक्षा Rakṣā രക്ഷണം
🇳🇵 Defeat पराजित Parājita പരാജിത
🇳🇵 Defeat पराजित Parājita പരാജയം
🇳🇵 Defamation मानहानि Mānahāni മാനഹാനി
🇳🇵 Dedication समर्पण Samarpaṇa സമര്പ്പണം
🇳🇵 Dedicated समर्पित Samarpita സമര്പ്പിച്ച
🇳🇵 Decide निर्णय गर्नुहोस् Nirṇaya garnuhōs നിര്ണ്ണയിക്കുക
🇳🇵 Decease मृत्यु Mr̥tyu മൃത്യു
🇳🇵 Decaying क्षय Kṣaya ക്ഷയിക്കുക
🇳🇵 Decay क्षय Kṣaya ക്ഷയം
🇳🇵 Death मृत्यु Mr̥tyu മൃത്യു
🇳🇵 Dead body मृत शरीर Mr̥ta śarīra മൃത ശരീരം
🇳🇵 Dance नृत्य Nr̥tya നൃത്യം
🇳🇵 Daily दैनिक Dainika ദൈനികമായ
🇳🇵 Derivation व्युत्पन्न Vyutpanna വ്യുൽപ്പന്നം
🇳🇵 Devalue अवमूल्यन Avamūlyana അവമൂല്യനം
🇳🇵 Dynasty राजवंश Rājavanśa രാജവംശം
🇳🇵 Duty कर्तव्य Kartavya കര്ത്തവ്യം
🇳🇵 Drawing रेखाचित्र Rēkhācitra രേഖാചിത്രം
🇳🇵 Drama नाटक Nāṭaka നാടകം
🇳🇵 Doubt शंका Śaṅkā ശങ്ക
🇳🇵 Donation दान Dāna ദാനം
🇳🇵 Doctrine सिद्धान्त Sid'dhānta സിദ്ധാന്തം
🇳🇵 Divine दिव्य Divya ദിവ്യമായ
🇳🇵 Divide विभाजन Vibhājana വിഭജിക്കുക
🇳🇵 Diverse विविध Vividha വിവിധമായ
VILLAVAR AND BANAS
Pandya is the title of Villavar rulers as well as Banas. Bana kingdoms were present throughout India. Most of the India were ruled by Bana rulers. Throughout India numerous places called Banpur which were capitals of Banas exist. Banas were called as Banasura also.
Banas were the the Northern cousins of Villavar who ruled Kerala and Tamilnadu. In Karnataka and Andhra also was ruled by Banas.
VILLAVAR SUBGROUPS
1. Villavar
2. Malayar
3. Vanavar
The seagoing cousins of Villavar were called Meenavar
4. Meenavar
Pandyas emerged from all these subgroups in the ancient times. They also used the flag of the sub clans. For eg.
1. Pandyan from Villavar clan was called Sarangadwaja Pandyan. He carried a Bow-arrow flag.
2. Pandyan from Malayar clan was called Malayadwaja Pandyan. He carried a flag with Hill insignia.
3. Pandyan from Vanavar subclan carried a Bow-arrow or Tiger or Tree flag.
4. Pandyan from Meenavar clan carried a fish flag and called himself Meenavan.
In the laterdays all the Villavar clans merged to form Nadalvar clans. Ancient Meenavar clan also merged with Villavar and Nadalvar clans.
Laterdays Nagas who migrated from North became fishermen in south. They are not ethnically related to Villavar-Meenavar clans.
VILLAVAR TITLES
Villavar, Nadalvar, Nadar, Santar, Chanar, Shanar, Charnnavar, Chantrahar, Chandar Perumbanar, Panickar, Thiruppappu, Kavara (Kavurayar), Illam, Kiriyam, Kana, Mara Nadar, Nattathi, Pandiyakula Kshatriya, Nelamakkarar etc.
Ancient Pandyan dynasty was split into three kingdoms.
1. Chera dynasty.
2. Chola dynasty
3. Pandyan dynasty
All were supported by Villavars.
ORDER OF IMPORTANCE
1. Chera Kingdom
Villavar
Malaiyar
Vanavar
Iyakkar
2. Pandian Empire
Villavar
Meenavar
Vanavar
Malaiyar
3. Chola Empire
Vanavar
Villavar
Malaiyar
BANA AND MEENA
In the Northern India Villavar were known as Banas and Bhils. Meenavar were known as Meena or Matsya.
Early residents of Indus Valley and Gangetic plains were Bana and Meena clans.
King Virata who gave refuge to Pandavas for one year was a Matsya - Meena ruler.
Despite their Asura status Banas were invited to all Swayamvaras.
ASSAM BANA KINGDOM
A Bana kingdom called Asura Kingdom with capital at Sonitpur ruled Assam during ancient times. Throughout India Bana-Meena and Villavar-Meenavar kingdoms existed until the end of middle ages.
MAHABALI
Banas and Villavar considered King Mahabali as their ancestor. Numerous kings with Mahabali title ruled India. Villavars called their ancestor Mahabali as Maveli.
ONAM
Onam festival celebrates the return of king Mahabali who had ruled Kerala every year. The places Mavelikkara, Mahabalipuram both named after Mahabali.
MAVELI
One of the titles of Pandyas were Maveli. Pandyas rivals the Banas were also called Maveli Vanathi Rayar.
DANAVA DAITYA
Ancient Danavas and Daityas could be Bana subgroup of Indus Valley. The king of Daityas was called Mahabali. The first Dams in India were built by Banas on the Indus river four thousand years ago.
HIRANYAGARBHA CEREMONY
Both Villavars and Banas performed Hiranyagarbha ceremony. In Hiranyagarbha ceremony the Pandya king simulated to emerge from the golden womb of King Hiranya. Hiranya was the ancestor of Mahabali.
VILLAVAR AND BANAS
WAR AGAINST NAGAS
Kalithokai an ancient Tamil literature describes a great war fought between combined armies of Villavar Meenavar against Nagas. In that war Villavar Meenavar were defeated and Nagas occupied central India.
NAGA MIGRATION TO SOUTH
Various clans of Nagas migrated to south India and Srilanka especially to coastal areas.
1. Varunakulathor(Karave)
2. Guhankulathor (Maravar, Murguhar, Sinhalese)
3. Kurukalathor (Karaiyar)
4. Paradavar
5. Kalabhras (Kallar, Kalappalar, Vellalar)
6. Ahichatram Nagas (Nair)
These Nagas were the main enemies of Villavars. Nagas sided with Delhi Sultanate, Vijayanagara Naickars and Europeans colonial rulers and opposed Villavars, leading to Villavar downfall.
KARNATAKA'S BANA AND VILLAVAR ENMITY
Despite having common origins Karnataka's Banas and Villavar were enemies. Kerala was occupied by Banas from Alupas Pandyan Kingdom of Tulunadu (Banapperumal) in 1120 AD.
Balija Naickers occupied Tamilnadu in 1377 AD.
Chola Pandyan kingdoms of Villavar were occupied by Balija Naickars (Bana descendents of Mahabali, Banajigas) of Vijayanagara empire.
END OF VILLAVARS
The invasion of Malik Kafur in 1310 led to the defeat of Pandyan dynasty. Villavars were massacred and all the three Tamil kingdoms came to an end.
KARNATAKAS PANDYAN KINGDOMS
Karnataka had many Banappandyan kingdoms
1. Alupa Pandyan kingdom
2. Uchangi Pandyan Kingdom
3. Santara Pandyan kingdom
4. Nurumpada Pandyan kingdom.
Karnataka Pandyans used Kulasekhara title also.
ANDHRAPRADESH
Bana kingdoms of Andhra
1. Bana kingdom
2. Vijayanagara kingdom.
FLAGS OF BANAS
Early
1. Double Fish
2. Bow-Arrow
Late
1. Bull Crest
2. Monkey crest (Vanara dwaja)
3. Conch
4. Wheel
5. Eagle
Travancore Kings had Conch Insignia on their flag because they were Banas from Alupa dynasty Karnataka.
Sethupathis had Anumakkodi or Hanuman flag (Vanara Dwaja) because they were Vanathirayars from Kalinga.
CHRISTIAN NAIR PASTORS
Many Cnristian Nairs especially Menons have become Christian Pastors, Brothers, Doctors, Reverends, Bishops, Arch Bishops and Apostles after 1980s. They are mostly found in India, Singapore, UK and US. In India and UK they have founded their own churches. Americans have been promoting and funding Hindu Nairs to work as Christian clergy in the American Churches in India.
HINDU NAMES
Unlike other converts to Christianity recent converted Nairs dont change their names to Christian names. But Singapore Nairs who often mixed up with Chinese have adopted Christian names. Other Nairs have independently accepted Jesus Christ. Most of the converts are from Palakkad Menons and Trivandrum Nairs but no Nambiars have been ever converted.
CHRISTIAN NAIR ARISTOCRACY
Most converted Nairs describe themselves as Brahmin or Hindu Orthodox aristocracy. They never describe themselves as Sudras of Naga ancestry who migrated from Ahichatram, the capital of ancient Nepal to Tulunadu and then to Kerala in 1120 AD.
ROOTS OF NAIRS
Nairs are not indigenous to Kerala. They are people of Naga origin from ancient Nepal. Newars, the most likely parent group of Nairs in Nepal were Vajrayana Buddhists. Nairs were brought to Karnataka from Ahichatram, the capital of ancient Nepal in 345 AD as hereditary slave warriors by Kadamba king Mayuravarma. In Northern India most of the Nagas were among the oppressed classes. Many Nagas were Buddhists. But in Kerala with the help of Arabs and Turkish invaders Naga Nairs from Tulunadu occupied Kerala and replaced Tamil rulers in 1335 AD. The Europeans supported Nagas against the native Dravidian Villavar ruler clans in Kerala and Tamilnadu. That is how a Nepalese tribe called Nairs became dominant in Kerala.
EARLY HISTORY
Nairs are of Tulu-Nepalese roots who are related to Bunt community of Tulunadu and Newars of Nepal. In 1120 AD a Tulu invader called Banapperumal who was a Buddhist, with Arab support invaded Kerala with 350000 strong Nair army. It was a mass migration of Nairs to Kerala under Arab protection. Banapperumal and his descendents were allies of Arabs. Arabs were a major sea power in the second millenium. With Banapperumal Nairs occupied northern Kerala, four districts in Malabar ie Kasaragod, Kannur, Kozhikode and Malappuram Districts. Arabs colonised these Nair areas. Banapperumal and his commander Padamala Nair (Husain Kwaja) had embraced Islam. Banapperumal divided Malabar among his son and nephews and went to Arabia in 1156 AD.
Many Nairs also had converted to Islam but continued to practice Matriarchy. Without Arab help Nairs would have been able to enter Kerala.
But the invasion of Malik Kafur in 1310 AD and the defeat of Pandyan dynasty led to the end of all Tamil Kingdoms. When Madurai Sultanate was established in 1335 AD the Tulu-Nepalese people, Tulu Samantha rulers, Nairs and Nambuthiris became rulers of Kerala. Tulu-Nepalese people were the enemies of Tamils and allies of Arabs and Delhi Sultanate. All the temples built by Hindu Tamil Villavar clans of Chera dynasty were occupied by Nairs. Newars the parent group of Nairs practised Buddhism. Nairs built numerous Cobra-snake temples on Ant hills where they worshipped live Cobra-snakes. Some Jain temples were also converted to Snake temples. They had bizarre Himalayan Naga customs such as Matriarchy and Polyandry. The harassment of the local Dravidian Hindu population of Kerala by Nairs led to large scale conversion of Keralites to other religions. Many Villavars of Tamil Chera dynasty escaped to Srilanka. Eventually 45% of Keralas population who remained embraced other religeons such as Christianity and Islam.
CHRISTIAN NAIR PASTORS
NAIR SERVICE TO CHRISTIANITY
Until 1329 when Jordanus Catalanus was the Bishop of Kollam the Christian population of Kollam was 3000. Total Kerala's Christian population might have been around 5000 including Nasrani Mappillas who were descendents of middle eastern traders and local converts. Madras had only 14 Syrian Christian families when Marignoli visited India in 1342. The occupation of Keralas temples by Nairs in 1335 AD and oppression of local Hindus led to the steady increase in the Christian population in Kerala. Tamil Villarvattom king who ruled area between Chendamangalam and Udayanapuram converted to Christianity around 1339 AD. With this conversion of Villarvattom king and his Panikkars the the population of Christians in Kerala reached 30000. When Portuguese conducted a census in 1504 Christians of Kerala were 30000. Keralas Nestorian Christians surrendered to Portuguese and adopted Roman Catholic faith. The Christian Panikkars joined Portuguese army and eventually a Portuguese mixed Mestizo society was established. When Portuguese left in 1660 the Christian population was 200000.
The Tulu-Nepalese Nairs by allying with Arabs and Turks were harassing local Dravidian Hindu population of Kerala. This led to the growth of Christianity in Kerala as more and more Dravidian Keralites joined Christianity.
ORIGIN OF NAIR CHRISTIANS
Joao Da Cruz or Martin was among the early Nair Christian's in the early 16th Century converted by Portuguese. But Portuguese considered him to be a fraud. In the 1700s some Nairs were converted at Trivandrum. Devasahayam Pillai was converted around 1740 to Roman Catholicism. Devasahayam Pillai was considered a traitor. Around 1829 Chathu Menon(Joseph Fenn) from Ottappalam and his family were converted to Christianity by CMS missionaries. Many Nair families in Neyyattinkara, Kottayam, Meenachil, Palakkad etc were converted to Christianity in the 19th century. They abandoned Matriarchy and adopted Christian names. They were genuine Christians. But generally Nairs had been indifferent to Christianity. Nairs never had any deep conviction in any ideology or religeon. Usually they join the dominant ideology of the period and manage to secure high posts. Why many Nairs suddenly started claiming to be Christians, Pastors and Missionaries, starting from 1980s is a mystery.
NAIRS WERE ENEMIES OF CHRISTIANS AND DRAVIDIANS
Veluthamby a Nair leader cut of the ear and Nose of Syrian Christian Administrator and Forest minister Thachil Mathu Tharakan in 1805 AD. A law was passed in 1815 to include Syrian Christians for Oozhiam or forced Labour. But Col.Monro instructed Diwan Reddy Raos. The houses of Dravidian converts were ransacked by Nairs between 1812 to 1859. Churches and Schools were burned down by them. Nairs attacked Christian women and children at Trivandrum and prevented the children from going to Church and Schools in 1829.
CHRISTIAN NAIR PASTORS
NAIR PSEUDO CHRISTIAN HOT SPOTS
Palakkad Trivandrum, Chennai and Bangalore are the hotspots of Nair Christian conversions. But they work as Pastors at Trivandrum and Ernakulam only. In Kerala the Nair self converts are Menons mostly from Palakkad where they are antagonistic to local Christians. They are known to have disrupted even the Christmas carols.
Next is the Trivandrum area where they were the deadly enemies of Anglican converts. Nairs opposed building Christian Churches. The first Anglican Church was built for British soldiers only in 1838. In 1982 in the Mandaikkadu clash Trivandrum Nairs crossed border into Tamilnadu and Vandalised the Latin Catholic Churches. They even used the Pulpit as a lavatory. The Latin Catholics are spread along the coast. The attacks continued for six months.
There is practically no interaction between Nairs and CSI or Syro-Malankara Churches. Trivandrum Nair conversions are fake. In the Nair majority areas such as Kollam, Kozhikode and Kannur there is no Nair Neo converts or Pastors. Ultimately all the self converts will reach Bangalore. Their miraculous transformation as Missionaries occurs there.
PAST NAIR ARISTOCRACY
Arabs, Turkish Sultanate at 1335 AD had elevated Nagas of Tulunadu to a higher status in Kerala. The Unscrupulous European colonial rulers protected Tulu-Nepalese kingdoms of Nairs for 450 years. Until 1968 land reforms some Nairs families had upto 200000 acres of land. Except some Nair families who still hold plantation crops such as Cardamom there is hardly any Nair aristocracy left now. Some educated Nair families previously allied with British have formed a Lobby now.
Most of the Nairs belong to the middle class at present. Most of them dont have good knowledge of Hindu scriptures either. But with Christian conversions of Nairs and funding from Americans it might create a new Pseudo Christian Nair aristocracy. Americans are quite naive to believe that Nairs suddenly started accepting Christianity. Only a few Nair conversions to Christianity could be genuine.
PRESENT MUSLIM CHRISTIAN ARISTOCRACY IN KERALA
The Gulf employment from 1970 onwards has elevated muslims from their earlier tenant status under Nairs to Aristocracy. They are the richest entrepreneurs in Kerala at present. UAE is the residence of much of keralas NRIs especially Hindus. Many Non-Nair Hindus who made money in UAE actually dominate Kerala. Syrian Christians, a community of Nurses have spread out Globally.
Most of the Aristocratic Syrian Christians have many nurses working abroad or priests receiving funds in their family. There are many self appointed Evangelists from Pathanamthitta among Syrian Christians benefitted by foreign missionary activities. They can easily buy a two thousand acre plantation. Actually many Nairs are jealous of Christians.A class of multimillionaire Syrian business men, close relatives of Orthodox or Catholic Syrian priests exist from 1980s.
Illinois has become a centre of Syriac Christianity. Now even the Jacobite headquarters has been shifted to Illinois from Damascus. Many of the family members of Syrian priests have migrated to Illinois Syrians thus form an international aristocracy.
CHRISTIAN NAIR PASTORS
FOREIGN MISSIONARIES
From 1960s foreign missionaries from Europe and America were restricted entry and were not allowed to work in India. In 1980s foreign missionaries were evicted from certain areas. When the foreign missionaries were barred from entering India, Foreign missionary Organizations started funding Indian preachers as well as some Churches. Many Christian preachers from central Kerala started calling themselves missionaries. These Preachers who received foreign funding started new churches and called themselves Bishops. As long as the foreign missionaries were present until 1980s there was hardly any Nair got converted to Christianity. But once the foreign funding started for proxy missionaries many Nairs self converted to Christianity. But there was no Christian Nair Almayar, Church going commoners. Immediately after their alleged conversion Nairs started calling themselves Brother or Pastor.
FOREIGN CHURCHES
Foreign churches such as American based Seventhday Adventists and Mormons operate in India. In India many dont like American Churches at all. Many immediately reject Ellen G.Whites and Joseph Smith's theology. They have followers in thousands only. Baptists are the only American Church with a strong base in the North and North East. But with foreign funding many Churches, Schools, Colleges, Orphanages and seminaries are established in India by the Indian Christian Bishops.
But if a recently converted Nair Christian is able to convince the foreign church about his sincerity then the work may be entrusted to him. He will receive the funding. It is like multiple foreign contracts but the American donors are not allowed to supervise the progress of the work as observers are not allowed. But for a Nair convert to secure funds from America he should be supported by some enterprising Americans or Indian Christian NRIs.
A genuine Syrian Christian priest can't establish more than five Churches in his life time. But some Nair Neo converts claim that they have established thousands of American Churches in India. When the foreign missionary activity ceased around 1980s foreign money in dollars started flowing. Americans and Europeans were funding Christian Churches and Evangelists. With this foreign funding many Nairs started claiming to be Christian too. The Dollars and Pounds influenced Nairs greatly. Some intelligent Nairs claiming to be Christian's got easy Visas to US.
Some Nairs without studying theology opened Churches and Prayer houses. Some Nairs even studied in Seminaries mimicking the Pathanamthitta evangelists. After studying at Seminaries they designed themselves as Pastors, Reverends, Bishops or Arch Bishops. Many of the Theology graduates started their own Churches or Prayer houses. If they join an established church they will have to obey their superiors. They cannot collect money independently. Some Christian Nairs travelled to US, UK, Australia, Newzealand to give sermons in Churches abroad. Lucky ones got regular funding making them immensely rich. Pretending to be a Christian missionary after his forties by a Hindu converted Nair requires enormous skills. Before 1980 there were hardly any Nair Christian's or Nair missionaries.
ENEMIES OF DRAVIDIANS
Nagas eclipsed Dravidian culture for 600 years starting from 1335 AD. Nairs were the worst enemies of Keralas Christians. They are Nagas northern migrants from Ahichatra. Nairs are not ethnically related to south Indian Dravidian people. Now sending a Nair priest to Dravidian and tribal areas is like sending a Nazi to minister Jews. American missionary organisations are trying to create a Pro American fake Christian community under the leadership of Hindu Nairs since 1980.
CHRISTIAN NAIR PASTORS
CHURCH OF ENGLAND
The Church of England otherwise called Anglican Church converted millions in India. Kerala, Tamilnadu and Bengal were where missionaries were hunting for souls in the 19th century. Those Hindus who converted to Christianity were left to fend for themselves in Kerala. British never protected them. They did not give them jobs in Government. From 1812 for hundred years the Anglican converts faced with repeated attacks from Nairs with Tulu-Nepalese roots.. Most of the Malayalis are of Dravidian stock and ethnically different from Nairs.
The British were allied with Nairs and their Tulu Samantha kings. The Churches the British missionaries built were more like a barn than Churches. At the peripheries the Anglican church goers were forced to worship in tin roofed shacks. Many of these Anglicans formed prayer houses often buildings with a Palmleaf roof and a wooden Cross where people sat on the sand spread inside. A petromax light is often the only worldly possesion of these churches. The Evangelists barely survived with the coins thrown in as offerings.
Nairs constantly harrassed the Christians. Burned down Churches and the missionary built schools and the residences of Christians. Stripped Christian women. Many Christians lost their properties to Nairs. British and the Anglican Church were the meanest among the foreign missions of India. They convert and leave them to their fate. Actually after independence nobody wanted to call themselves Anglicans or London mission Christians. That led to to the formation of CSI. Now CSI is not part of Anglican communion. The Church of England has not helped the CSI since then. After the British left the Anglicans built their own small churches. At present Church of England believe that some Nairs living at UK converted to Christianity. They are actually funding and promoting some Nairs as Missionaries. But the thousands of Nairs converted by Nair missionaries dont exist.
PORTUGUESE
Portuguese protected the Catholic converts and built magnificient Cathedrals and Basilicas for them. Most of the Syrian Churches are nothing but Portuguese built churches. Portuguese imported statues and bells from Italy brought Persian crosses from middleeast. A class of Church builders the Mestizos who were trained in Engineering, European architecture, painting frescos etc. Portuguese mixed with the local Christian population to produce a Mestizo community. In the Portuguese period the Catholics converted by them in India and Srilanka were socially elevated to occupy military and administrative jobs. Many of these Portuguese mixed Christian communities such as Syrians, Konkanies and Karave retain their position. Portuguese were the most respectable among the foreign missions
BAPTISTS
Baptists from Britain did do some work as William Carey established Serampore college in 1800s. Serampore was under Danes. Northeast especially Nagaland. Serampore college/University is evennow an important centre for Indian Protestants. Many genuine Baptists including including Brahmin converts are there in Serampore. Why Americans appoint them as missionaries. Why are the American Baptists sending Nairs now to convert Indian tribals? Rather Nairs should convert their own kind. Most of the 5 million Nairs are still Hindus.
CHRISTIAN NAIR PASTORS
INDIAN TRIBALS
Indian tribals are mainly Proto-Dravidian, Northern Dravidians, Austronesian and Naga people. Some tribals like Dravidian Gonds ruled over vast areas in Maharashtra, Madhyapradesh and Chattishgarh until 15th century. Oraons are also a Dravidian people who live at Jharkhand, Chattishgarh, Odisha, West, Bengal Bihar and Assam. Many tribals are Animistic and worship Nature. Ancestor worship is also common among them. They build mudhut temples called God House (Deiva pura) on a elevated platform where they worship their ancestors. Established Churches such as Roman Catholics and Protestants have established Schools and colleges since 1960. Their culture should be preserved. The American funded Nair missionaries will do more harm than good in these areas.
MODERN NAIR CONVERSION
Nairs usually claim they accidentally heard the sermon of some Christian preacher that Jesus was the saviour of everybody. Then immediately they started believing in Christ. They will tell you that Jesus was the only guard.
Some Nairs say that they were Very sick admitted in a Christian missionary hospital. After the recovery they allegedly became Christian's.
For some Nairs reading a single verse from Bible is enough to convert to Christianity.
Before some Nairs Jesus appears in person, talks to them and guides them. They have the Vision of Jesus very often. In the room of staunch Hindu Nairs Jesus appears wearing white dress. There room is filled with Brightness. Their family members also getting Visions of Jesus.
After that self converted a Nair will give a testimony in a Church or prayer meeting. Usually Nairs give their first testimony at a Catholic deaddiction centre. There Christians are least inclined to question their authenticity. So that he Nair will also add that he had been from an aristocratic Brahmin like Nair family but he has been alienated from his family.
Some of the Nair sudden converts are highly educated NRIs living in western countries. The might have eavesdropped a Western Church members planning to sponsor charitable work such as Colleges, Orphanages or missionary activities in India.
Despite the high educational qualifications an Asian is still a Pagan to the Western Christian church goers. A highly qualified Nair in his middle ages living at the western countries may self convert himself suddenly to Christianity. This is to change his social status from an Foreign Asian Hindu to to become the reputed member of the Anglican Church. Nobody questions his bible knowledge or intention. His family never converts. Eventually he will become a Director of Indian missionary organization with good supply of Dollars or Euro. Finally he will claim many thousand souls to his credit.
TESTIMONY
When a Nair gives testimony that Jesus came and Visited him an talked him previous day he is obviously lying. Jesus does not visit any Bishops of Catholic or Protestant Churches. A section of Christians with strong inferiority complex are ready to believe Nair testimony. They chant Praise the Lord, Hallelujah, Strothram making Nair testimony seem authentic. Any stage actor with little training can give Sermons and Testimonies.
CHRISTIAN NAIR PASTORS
HOW IT STARTED
Perhaps the Syrian Christian Preachers of Pathanamthitta who were involved in the Gospel activities recruited some Nairs as accountants and assistants in the 80's. By this Nairs were introduced to a whole new world. They understood how missionary activities are conducted worldwide.
Many of these Nairs converted and migrated to western countries. Stringent rules applied for a highly qualified professional from India to get a Green Card. But a Christian preacher gets Visa much more easily. Access to American universities by sponsorship from American church agencies is another reason for their conversion. Nair Christian priests are found among, Malayalis, Tamils, Kannadigas, Punjabis and Hindi areas in India. But they have more acceptance outside Kerala. Nair Pastors of Singapore are mixed with Chinese. Other Nair Reverends are found in UK and US.
Catholics are the first to welcome the Nair self converts. Orthodox and Jacobite Churches dont encourage or Baptise Nair Christians. Many Nair converts working with CSI and CNI as priests appear to be ordained genuine christians.
Some IPC Nair priests also could be genuine.
OWN CHURCHES
Many Nair converts in India dont join any established Church as priests. Usually they establish their own Churches and try to get finances from abroad. Some establish new churches with the help of foreign missionary organisations. Only a few are successful. But if they are successful they will receive hundreds of Crores of Rupees from American missionary agencies. Only Assemblies of God and Baptists allow Pastors to establish their own Churches both American.
NAIR MISSIONARIES
Two categories of self appointed Nair missionaries exist. Both establish their own Churches.
NAIR EVANGELISTS
They conduct Billy Graham like conventions mimicking Pentegosts and Maraman convention. Unlike the Catholics and Protestants who conduct annual conventions Nair Evangelists conduct the conventions many times in a year at different locations. The offerings belong to their own Church.
NAIR MISSIONARIES
Like Nair Evangelists do not join any established church but establish their own Church soon after their alleged conversion to Christianity. The sponsors of Nair missionaries is always the missionary wing of American Baptists church. Normally a Indian Pastor from any Church can earn a monthly salary 30000 to 50000 Rupees per month. But the American Missionary organisations can provide 10 to 20 Crores annually. Definitely Jesus has brought a great change in the lifes of Nairs.
Nair missionaries claim to have won many lakh souls for Jesus. Whom did they actually convert to Christianity and where they reside is not clear. In Kerala no Nairs have been converted by Nair missionaries.
Nair missionaries claim to have built thousands of Churches in India. Exact locations of these churches is unknown. They also claim to have built Seminaries, Colleges, Schools, Orphanages, Leprosy Sanatariams, Childrens homes, Womens homes.
All these are in a virtual world.
CHRISTIAN NAIR PASTORS
FOREIGN CHURCH VISITS
Nair Missionaries visit American Baptists church and introduce themselves as a Great Indian missionary who has converted lakhs of Hindus to Christianity and who has established many thousand Churches. They give Sermon in the Church. After that Nair missionaries request the American Church goers that he require money for the maintenance of Indian Churches, Colleges, Seminaries, Orphanages they have built. Each Western Church has the Potential to sponsor 10000 to 20000 Dollars per month. Thousands of Baptist Churches exist in America.
Further countries like Ireland, UK and Australia also have Baptists Churches where the peopled are inclined at helping Indian Churches. They get the sponsorship of atleast 10 Churches at a time. They mimick closely the Syrian Christian Evangelists of Pathanamthitta. At the foreign Churches they always wear western dress.
Indians souls are very expensive now costing atleast 100 Dollars . Anybody who claims to have won 1000 souls will easily get one lack dollars from the western missionary organizations.
FOREIGN SINNERS
The final destination of all Menon and Nair evangelists are US, UK and Australia. The reason for this is that Sinners are more in these English speaking western countries. Americans are among the worst sinners. Even the Tamil and Malayali expatriates around New Jersey, among whom the Menon Missionaries work are heavy sinners. Born again Menons pray for the souls of American sinners and gets them cleansed by Holy Spirit easily. The American souls repaired by Menon Pastors are as good as new.
Australia was a country where they dumped convicts in the 17th century. Many Nair Pastors consider Australians to be extremely sinful. They have established many prayer houses in Australia. However no Nairs try to work among the Australian Aborigines.
At UK even those Nairs who dont know English have established Churches to save the souls of poor whitemen. If a foreign missionary organisation is funding, then Menons will consider India as a country of sinners too. However Menon Pastors avoid their own Nair areas in Kerala. No foreign missionary organisation with a bounty can convince Menons to preach among Nairs.
Most of the Menons consider African continent as a country of Holy people devoid of sins. Menons never offer to become a missionary in Africa, China, Latam and Arab countries. Menon Missionaries avoid Papua New Guinea.
A Nair has established a Seminary with American funding at Fiji allegedly training 10000 Pastors who work in South Pacific islands. Now Americans can watch South Pacific islands closely.
CHRISTIAN NAIR PASTORS
MIRACLES OF NAIR MISSIONARIES
Many Nair Christians perform miracles outside Kerala. They have control of elements. They can stop rain selectively over their houses during the Monsoons. The can extinquish fires during a fire accident. They can heal sick people. They can chase away demons and perform exorcism. In the epidemics and Pandemics their prayer creates a disease free zones. The can be Speaking in Tongues.
DOLLAR CHRISTIANITY
By the end of twentieth century many Hindus hitherto indifferent to Christianity started identifying themselves as Christians. With the sole aim of working in the west some even joined Bible colleges and started studying Theology. Fluency in English and Biblical knowledge is essential.
Unlike other genuine Christian's who take up a Christian name these people will use their Hindu names and caste names only. Their families and siblings remain Hindus. They identify themselves as Pastors, Reverends, Bishops, Arch Bishops, Missionaries, Prophets or even Apostles. It is just a job for them. These are the same people who used to be hostile to foreign missionaries. In the Dollar Christianity the driving force is Dollars and not Jesus. When a sudden Nair Christian missionary declares that Jesus is my Saviour he actually means Dollar is his Saviour. These Pseudo missionaries go to tribal areas and collect souls for Dollars.
Thus many Pastors and Missionaries with surnames Kaul, Nair, Menon, Chopra, Chatterjee, Patel exist in UK and the western world. They often Shorten their names to hide their Hindu identity. Many will hide their name and use their surnames only. Formerly the western Churches would not have accepted them. But as agnosticism grows among the Western Christians they have relaxed their rules.
Now many of the Indian Hindus work in the British Churches as Pastors and Preachers.
There was no missionaries among Syrian Christians until 1960s. When the missionaries were restricted many self appointed evangelists travelled to USA and gave sermons in local Churches. The Dollars collected by them enabled them to live a lavish life style. Hardly they converted any Hindus in India but claimed to do so. The churches established by them attracted the Christians from other denominations. Most of them had foreign Citizenship.
Now Nairs are following footsteps of Syrian NRI preachers. Many of the Nairs can give sermons as good as any Christian preacher. Western Church goers or Priests dont question their credibility. Most of the Nair preachers claim to have converted millions. But they are lying. All their own relatives are still not converted. Nairs never attempt to convert their own community.
There are 5 million Hindu Nairs there. Totally Nair converts are few hundred only. Any missionary money earned by them actually help their Hindu relatives.
CLAIMS
1) Each Nair missionary claims that he converted lakhs of Indians to Christianity.
2) They claim to have established thousands of Churches. Chattisgarh and Orissa are their favourite destination.
3) They have established Seminaries, Schools Colleges
4)They have established many Orphanages
5) Womens and destitute homes
6) Sanatariums
But most of these buildings are not Physical. Nair Missionaries consider their own relatives as Gods own temples ie Churches.
VERIFICATION OF CLAIMS
The Western missionary organisations ideally should not encourage the Missionary clones. But if they still do the western organization's should ask for the locations of new Churches founded by them, Photographs, Names, Photographs, identities of the Parishioners, Photographs, Names and identities and Qualifications of the Pastors.
All the data they provide should verifiable. Ideally West should not encourage Missionary work in India at all. It will help only crooks. Instead they can help the established Churches such as Syro-Malabar, Jacobite, Orthodox, Marthoma, CSI and CNI to establish Professional and other higher educational institutions and Hospitals in various parts of India.
CHRISTIAN NAIR PASTORS
MOTIVE OF AMERICANS
India has 32 million Christians among the established Churches. There are about 4.5 million ancient Syrian Christians. Nair Christians are in hundreds only.
Ignoring the traditional Christians of India Americans are funding Hindu Nair Missionaries to establish Seminaries and Bible schools in India, Singapore, Malaysia, Australia and South Pacific countries. There could be some ulterior motive behind this.
The American missionary organisations such as Baptists and Assemblies of God are bribing Hindu Nairs with millions of Dollars. Most of the Nairs thus selected are Lawyers, Military officers, Politicians from Hindu fundamemtalist parties and Communist parties. Then they train them in Seminaries. Once the Nairs and Menons acquire their skills in giving sermon and Knowledge in Bible they will form their own 'Shining Path' ministries.
The American missionary organisations will call them Pastors, Bishops, Missionaries and even Apostles.
Releasing American (Christian) Nair missionaries in tribal areas could destroy tribal culture altogether.
Ideally Americans should order Nair missionaries to convert their own Nair community and not anybody else. Infact Nairs have not converted anybody in India. Neither have they built any churches in India.
Americans are ridiculing hundreds of genuine Catholic and Protestant priests of India dedicated their lives in building schools Hospitals for tribal and underprivileged people. Actual motive of Americans for promoting a fake Christianity is not clear.
For some unknown reason American missionary organisations have been promoting Hindu Nairs as Pastors, Bishops and Missionary in India, Nepal, Bhutan, Burma, Malaysia, Singapore, Gulf, Australia and Fiji. Obviously Americans are using Hindu Nairs to do some other work other than Christian missionary work.
CELIBACY REQUIREMENT CATHOLIC CLERGY
The Roman Catholic church requires the Fathers to be unmarried. This has saved the Catholic Church from Nairs. Catholic priests have to adopt Christian names. There is not many Nair priests or Nuns among Catholics. Catholics dont approve of priests establishing their own church. Neither the Catholic hierarchy will allow priests to embezzle money. Many Hindu Nairs do give testimony in Catholic gatherings as Churches dont allow them. But Nairs neither convert to Roman Catholicism or change their names because there are no financial benefits in Catholic Churches.
CHRISTIAN NAIR PASTORS
FILMS
Many Indian Nair missionaries might have been inspired by the 1923 film PILGRIM by Charlie Chaplin.
Fahad Fasil's 2020 Malayalam film TRANCE may become inspiration for many Nairs to become Christian Missionaries in the future.
SCOPE OF GOSPEL WORK ABROAD
Christian's are about 31.2 percent of Global population. 243 crores of Christians are there worldwide. India has only 3.2 crores of poor Christian population. The Spiritual needs of Western countries are much more than India. Most of the European countries have 90% Christian population though one third of them declare themselves as non-religious. Actually Christianity is declining worldwide.
CHRISTIAN CLERGY IN EUROPE
The Hindu converts working as preachers and Reverends other than Nairs in UK and US are Kashmiri Pandits, Punjabi Khatris, Gujarati Patels, Bengali Chatterjis and Parsis who have allegedly embraced Christianity.
In India these people have had no inclination towards Christianity. Most of Nair preachers use their original Hindu names only. Indian converted Christian Nairs especially Menons are trying hard to reestablish Christian faith among the European population.
One reason for this ridiculous situation is traditional Indian Christians rarely send their sons to the Bible schools or Seminaries of other denominations such as Anglicans. Neither hardly any Kerala's traditional Christians study in European seminaries. Pastors from genuine traditional Indian Christian communities are rarely seen at Europe.
CONCLUSION
There are 5 million Nairs in Kerala. Few hundred Nairs only have converted to Christianity who are genuine Christians who have adopted Christian names. The recent self converted Nair Brothers, Pastors and Bishops supported by Foreign Baptist mission and Pentegost missions. Nair Missionaries should ideally be assigned by the Americans to work among Nairs only.
NAIR CHRISTIAN CLERGY
INDIA
SADESH CHANDRA MENON
Rev. Sadesh Chandra MenonPresbyter-in-Charge C.S.I. St. John's ChurchWalajapet Tamilnadu. CSI Diocese of Vellore.
REV VICTOR N. MENON
Rev VIctor N. Menon Is the Assistant Professor of Theology at Karnataka Theological College, Mangalore. He has written many theological books.
MANU MENON
At Bangalore, Ernakulam and Trivandrum Bishop Manu Menon is running a Christian Church called marvelous light revival ministries under South Indian Assemblies of God (SIAG) Karnataka. He has been influenced by the Gospel of Bro D G S Dhinakaran.
PASTOR MEHAR MENON
Pastor in The victory of Jesus Christ Church, Gurdaspur Punjab.
Sermon: Punjabi
PAUL SUDHAKAR MENON (1922 to 2002)
Cousin to V.K.Krishna Menon, former Defence Minister of India. Speaker, every State of India, as well as in numerous countries abroad from Australia to the U.K
According to him he was aristocratic and well-to-do Menon family – staunch upper caste Hindu. It is true that Vengalil family owned two lakh acres of land. The circumstances leading to his reading bible is not clear.
Br. ARAVINDAKSHA MENON
Aravindaksha Menon who found Jesus in the Vedas and became a Catholic. He compares Sacrifice of Jesus to Sacrifice of Prajapathy. He describes himself from a very orthodox semi Brahmin Hindu family. He gave his testimony at Potta Dhyanakendram. In Vedas many Prajapathys but none of them have any resemblance to Jesus Christ. The Prajapathy Heresy was postulated by Krishnamohan Banerjea 1875 AD.
Testimony: Malayalam
DAVID MENON
Associate Pastor at Trinity Assembly of God ChurchFaridabad, Haryana,
BROTHER WORSHIPER RAVI MENON
Gospel Singer Preacher. Amritsar. He is associated with Syrian Christian Evangelists of Pathanamthitta.
NAIR CHRISTIAN CLERGY
G.S. NAIR
Founder and Pastor of People’s Baptist Church; Founder and President of People’s Baptist Ministries. He is the pastor of People’s Baptist Church in Trivandrum. He describes himself as a high caste Hindu Army officer, he was a harsh and outspoken critic of Christianity. But he was converted to Christianity in 1972 when he was admitted at Baptist Mid-Missions Hospital ( Where). GS. Nair is introduced as an Indian missionary with the supporting churches in America.
The American benefactor and collaborator Jack McElroy, PresidentMcElroy Electronics Corporation Massaceucets equates GS.Nair with St.Paul in his book Building his Fathers Business one soul at a time.(St.Paul used to torture Christian's. Nairs also used to torture Christians).
GS.Nair allegedly graduated from Berean Baptist College Bangalore in 1977 AD. He has allegedly built 3,900 Churches in India, Myanmar, Nepal, and Bhutan. (Syro-Malabar church has only 3224 Parishes). But the location of these 3900 churches is not known. Only two Peoples Baptist Ministries India churches one at Trivandrum (Ambalamukku) and another at Aluva is visible.
G.S.Nair has allegedly constructed 4 Bible Colleges from which 3500 Pastors graduated. A Seminary, 21 Bible College Extension Schools. G.S Nair claims to have converted 400,000 people to Christianity over the past 42 years.
7 Private Christian schools in India and Nepal.
2 Vocational training centers for women.
25 Children’s homes (Orphanages)
2 ladies’ homes
Construction all these may cost more than 5000 Crores.
The headquarters Peoples Baptists Ministry is in Fundamental Baptist Mission to India
137 Scudder Rd.Osterville, MA 02655 137 Scudder Rd, Osterville, MA 02655 .
Pastor Robert Hansen, Plymouth Massaceucets in charge of Fundamental Baptist Mission to India.
PBMI’s sources of income are churches and individuals in the United States, Scotland, and Australia as per the website Fundamental Baptist Mission to India is funding him.
The maintenance of 3900 Churches is relatively cheap, about 35000 US Dollars (2,571,832 Rupees) per month ie 659 Rupees per Church.
Jack McElroy is an American entrepreneur, businessman who helps G.S.Nair to secure funding.
G.S. Nair, is the greatest Hindu Nair Missionary-Entrepreneur of India.
It is a hoax. Nobody can build 3900 Churches in 42 years. Most of the Indian Christians will avoid a Seminary established by a Nair Neo convert. So he could not have trained 3500 Pastors. Where will they work after completion?. CSI, Marthoma or Syro-Malabar wont accept them. Neither an Nair Pastor unaffiliated to any major churches of India can convert 400000 people to Christianity. G.S.Nair is not a known evangelist in Kerala. Where are the 3900 Churches built by GS.Nair in India?.
None of the local Syrian priests are aware of the existence of PBMI churches. American Churches in India such as Baptist, Seventhday Adventists and Mormons are not popular in India and they have followers in thousands only. Why should Fundamental Baptist Mission to India send millions to nonexistent churches?.
NAIR CHRISTIAN CLERGY
PASTOR SREEJU R NAIR
His father was a RSS worker from Nedumangadu. Then the family became bankrupt. First his brother became a believer. Then his mother had visions of Jesus. A pastor used to visit their house. He and his brother then attended Pentegost gatherings Then the apparition of Jesus appeared at his bedroom. Jesus had white robe and had white hair too The townspeople printed posters saying that they received money from America and had become Pentegosts. After 9 years Jesus appeared before them again and ordered them to leave Nedumangadu. He and his family went to Thodupuzha and then to Bangalore. He initially stayed in a building under a Seminary.
Then Jesus told him in advance that he will get two alliances. One was a rich Christian bride and the other one was a Hindu Nair bride. He married the Hindu Nair bride. He married a Hindu Nair bride because it was the will of Jesus. He works as a Christian Pastor now.
PASTOR SHIJU R S NAIR
Ex Hindu Nair converted to christianity who also happens to be from Nedumangad. Relationship with Pastor Sreeju R Nair is not clear. He has got his own Church and Theological Seminary. Kingdom First Ministries Church on the Rock Theological Seminary. Thiruvananthapuram
Director - Kingdom Tours
Kingdom tours is based out of Trivandrum which organize to Israel, Egypt, Turkey, Jordan and Greece. He may convert many Nairs into Pastorhood.
PAUL M NAIR
Pastor at Church of God (Full Gospel) in India. Bachelors Degree Theology/Theological studies.
T S BALAN alias BALAKRISHNA NAIR
Pastor of the Sharon Pentecostal Church, earlier was with Indian Pentecostal Church at Kumbanad.
PASTOR ARUN RAMAKRISHNAN (NAIR)
Pastor HIF)Highland Immanuel Fellowship Church, Ernakulam and was in charge of the Malayalam wing of the Church He was brought up in a traditional Hindu Nair family.
BISHOP PATRICK NAIR (1932 to 2017)
was a Roman Catholic bishop. Nair served as bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Meerut. Much respected preacher.
HARIKRISHNAN NAIR
was a driver at Wayanad. Now he is a Catholic priest at Thrissur. At 37 years he became a believer and entered Seminary. He added Kripa Grace to his name.
REV. PRATEEK PILLAI
Prateek Pillai is the current Presbyter in-charge, of St. James’ Church, Kashmere Gate, Delhi
NAIR CHRISTIAN CLERGY
K. V. PAUL PILLAI
Paul Pillai hails from Trivandrum from a Hindu family. He had Marxist affiliations. Formerly a Hindu lawyer.
Dr. Paul Pillai is the founder and director of India Inland Mission, which plants churches among Hindus. The mission also runs orphanages and a Bible College for training evangelists and pastors. He has been establishing churches in unknown places for thirty years.
SALT WATER MIRACLE
One village did not have drinking water, only salt water. Paul Pillai and team prayed for pure water and the Lord provided pure water. The whole village came to Christ. (Location of this Village is a secret).
BLIND SEE
Another village head was blind for three years. Paul Pillai and his team laid their hand on the chief and prayed. His eyes were opened and he could see. The whole village came under Christ.(Location of this Village is a secret)
PROTECTION FROM TIGER
One village sufferred from constant Tiger attacks. The police or Gunmen could not find a tiger. Paul Pillais team members preached gospel in that Village. Then they went around the village seven times then they claimed that the Village was protected by a circle of a blood of Christ. For eight years the tiger has not returned.
CURSE OF A WITCH DOCTOR
In another place a Witch Doctor had cursed a man because enmity. That mans seven Milk Buffalos stopped giving milk. Paul Pillais assistants lifted the curse by revoking the name of Jesus. The Buffalos started giving milk again. Half of the Villagers came to know Jesus.(Location of the village is a secret).
LIGHTNING THAT BLINDED
Paul Pillai had arranged a Gospel meet at a village. But a Hindu militant group attacked them and started a riot against them. Suddenly a Thunder and lightning came and the leader of the gang was totally blinded. This stopped the rioting and the Gospel meeting continued for five days. On the fifthday the blinded leader of the gang came to the meeting. After prayer he regained his vision and was baptised and became a believer of Christ. (Well, the place is unknown)
GOD'S OWN UMBRELLA
In anothor place Paul Pillai was conducting a Gospel meeting during the Monsoon season in a Tent. Because of the heavy rain the surrounding places were flooded with rain and even buildings were washed away. The tent was on top of the mountain. Only in the area of tent there was no rain. In the tent meeting many were healed, delivered from demons. Hundreds were freed of sins and accepted Christ.(Exact location of the tent is not known).
EXORCIST PILLAI
At the central India whole tribe was converted by Paul Pillai. The daughter of the tribal chief was possessed by Demon and became insane. Pillai and team managed to exorcise the girl. The tribal chief and the whole tribe accepted Christ as the only God.(Place is a secret)
FIRE EXTINQUISHER
A fire brokeout in a village with 10000 people where huts with mudwalls and thatched roofs were closely packed. Paul Pillai had established a church with ten believers in that Village. A thick smoke filled the area. There was no Fireengine available in that area. Pastor Paul Pillai he believers asked the villagers to call upon the name of Jesus to stop the fire. Pastor was using a microphone to tell them. The fire burned from 8.30 AM to the evening. In the evening the Pastor declared that God will clear the smoke and no lives will be lost. The smoke cleared and the Villagers accepted Christ.
PLAGUE SPECIALIST PILLAI
During the Pneumonic Plague epidemic Paul Pillai was at Surat where they had ministry for 20 years. Many prominent leaders from villages came and asked him to pray for them as they heard about the power of Jesus in them. The believers fasted and prayed. Eventually Plague did not affect Surat because of their prayers. Good thing about Dr. K. V. Paul Pillai is that he has adopted a Christian name.
NAIR CHRISTIAN CLERGY
As long as the American missionary money is flowing many Pillais and Nairs from Trivandrum will be serving Jesus, performing miracles and converting thousands of North Indians, Tribals and North Eastern people. Each soul thus saved for Jesus are worth atleast hundred dollars. For the miracles performed the American Church goers will pay extra. Where was Paul Pillai during the Kerala floods? Will he eradicate Covid? These Pillais rarely convert Nairs.
Why cant they convert their own Kind ? Nairs are majority in Trivandrum Kollam Kozhikode and Kannur. Paul Pillai should perform miracles and convert them to Christianity. Traditionally the Vellala mixed Nairs of Trivandrum, the Pillais were the traditional enemies of the Christians of Anglican Church and Latin Catholics. They have destroyed many Churches in the period between 1812 to 1982 AD.
EVANGELIST RATHEESH S NAIR
Jesus Feast Of Life Ministries Palakkad.
He says,I born in India for Jesus crist I born for Gospel for Jesus crist I live for Gospel in India.At present his English is quite poor. He compares the Creator's sperm with Human's sperm, Devil's sperm and Evil Creature's sperm in his own English.
PASTOR ERIC NAIR
Shalom Fellowship Church Jammu
Sermon: Hindi
PASTOR ASHISH NAIR
SIS.GOWRI NAIR
Evangelist
Message: Hindi
FIJI
DR.. NARAYAN NAIR
Narayan Nair who converted from Hindism to Christianity in the mid 60's travelled to Australia with his wife Savita, and two young children to attend AFCI’s Illawarra Bible College. He was a native of Fiji and he wanted to form a ministry to spread Gospel in south Pacific islands.
In 1974 when The Fiji College of Theology and Evangelism (FCTE) opened. Mass Evangelistic Events are conducted by AFCI.
Today Narayan Nair has trained 10000 Evangelists. Narayan Nair is supported by Ambassadors for Christ International USA, a fellowship of gospel preachers and teachers. AFSI headquarters at AFCI USA Service CenterRoswell, Georgia, USA.KSA
PASTOR SUDHEER KURUP(KSA)
IPC Faith Centre Church, Peroorkada. He is the most enigmatic preacher among Christian Nairs.
DUBAI
PASTOR SRIKANTH A NAIR
Srikanth hasn’t graduated from Bible college (seminary) but Jesus made him a Pastor. He has his own Church. Jesus contacted him at the Emirates Baptist Church International. After that he went to study at US. Jesus came looking for him when he was a student at the University of Houston. He says that Jesus is the Great Shepherd and all who are called (who don’t merely see it as a job) to be a pastor.
He emigrated to Australia in 2010. He has been working as a Pastor at Fishers of Men Church Australia.
SINGAPORE
DEV MENON
Dev Menon is the pastor in charge of discipleship at Zion Bishan Bible-Presbyterian Church, Singapore.
Dr EDWARD MENON
St. Andrew's Cathedral Singapore. Converted at the age of 16. He is also a medical Doctor.
MALAYSIA
ARCHBISHOP DR. MENON MANASA i TABERNACLE A.J. GEORGE.
Senior Pastor of Church of David’s Tent Ipoh (Church of Thaveethin Kudaram Ipoh), Perak, Malaysia.
He is also called Apostle MENON Manasa. A Tamil evangelist. He was arrested by Malaysian Police. But his flock of Tamil Christans stood by him.
THE APOSTLE JIVAN RAJ NAIR
Rock For Jesus,Johor Bahru, Malaysia
NAIR CHRISTIAN CLERGY
UK
REV. SURESH VIJAYAN MENON
Rev. Suresh Menon installed as incumbent (Priest-in-Charge)St Andrew's The Vicarage, Sturt Road, Frimley Green, Surrey UK.Revd Suresh Menon, formerly Assistant Curate of St Ebbe with Holy Trinity and St Peter-le-Bailey, Oxford (Oxford), now Priest-in-Charge of Frimley Green and Mychett (Guildford).Church of England parish church.
ECCLESIASTICAL PARISH OF FRIMLEY GREEN AND MYTCHETT
Financial year ending 31 December 2020
Total income: £110,404
Total expenditure: £110,147
In the same church other Indian Pastors are Preacher Roop Chopra, Preacher Hari Kaul, Preacher Harish Patel and Rev Dr.Rohintan Mody.
Thus Punjabi Khatris, Kashmiri Pandits, Gujarati Patels, Parsis Nairs and Menons are preaching Gospel in the Churches of UK.
VIJAY MENON
Vijay Menon was a devout Hindu until his middle ages. He was trained as a Ship's Engineer working at Marine insurance London. He accidentally wandered into a Church St Helen Bishopsgate at London. (No body follows a crowd and goes and sits inside a church unless ineberiated) Once he realised that he was inside a church he wanted to escape but could not because of the crowd and was forced to hear the church service at the St Helen Bishopsgate London.
The pastor said that Jesus Christ had died not only for Christians but also for Hindus and Muslims. Immediately after hearing that Vijay Menon became a Christian and a evangelist. In a few years he redesignated himself as a Bible scholar and a Theologian and a critique of Church of England. (A genuine Christian priest may require a lifetime to become a theologian. The Church of England never took him to a Sunday school and examined his Biblical Knowledge).
Vijay Menon is also a trustee Evangelical Christian Leadership in South Africa. He is also Vice president of Church Society Council an organisation which strives to elevate the worship and doctrine of Church to Biblical standards. Vijay Menon has written a book Only one God at UK.
Vijay menon says that Ignorance of the Bible is ignorance of God, which is ultimately the world's biggest problem. If Jesus Christ came back today, the Church of England's General Synod would crucify him" says Vijay Menon, an evangelical member of the Synod. (A person who remained Hindu and a Live Snake worshipper until his middle ages is criticising Church of England few years after his conversion).
Vijay Menon wanted to restore Church of England to Biblical standards.(Most importantly he has successfully changed his own image from an outsider Asian Hindu to the levels of Christian Elder of Church of England).
Many educated Nairs living in the western countries use Christianity to gain recognition in the western society. They have double lives, Christian at Europe, US and Hindu in India. Their family remains Hindu. Sons and daughters marry Hindu Nairs only.
Vijay Menon ignored his own Nair community and never attempted to convert them . Many of the Menon converts to Christianity dont have Biblical standards either.
Archbishop of Canterbury Dr Rowan Williams awarded the Cross of St Augustine to Vijay Menon ceremony in the Chapel at Lambeth Palace in 2008. Vijay Menon allegedly has converted literally thousands of Indians to Christianity. It would have cost the Anglican Church millions of Pounds. But all those Nairs Vijay Menon converted are not visible. They have been hiding ever since.
PASTOR MANOJ NAIR
Manoj Nair founder of Christ Revelation Church Birmingham. He is an Aristocratic Hindu who found Jesus. He preaches only in Malayalam translated by wife in English.
NAIR CHRISTIAN CLERGY
US
PASTOR. PRABHAKARAN C MENON
Sermons:Tamil and English
Eternal Grace Church, Parsippany, New Jercy, United States. Influenced by Pentegost ministry in 1965. In 1967 as a teenager he prayed and was baptised by God with Holy spirit and the ability to talk in other tongues. In 1970 he took water Baptism. From 1966 to 1988 he was comitted to part time ministry for Jesus Christ. He was a government servant in Tamilnadu. He completed two-year course of studies in theology between 1984 and 1985 from the International Bible Training Institute, England.
Since 1988 he has been doing fulltime ministry. 2009, a small gathering of Tamil Christians were longing to grow spiritually and praying earnestly to have a fellowship at New Jersey. A congregation was formed and named as Eternal Grace Church.
From 2009 as a ordained minister of Assemblies of God of United states of America as a priest of Eternal Grace Church affiliated church of New Jersey District USA. Believers residing in New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania are wholeheartedly attending Sunday ServicesMinistries in Indian States since 1971:
1) Tamil Nadu 2) Andhra Pradesh 3) Karnataka 4) Orissa 5) Maharashtra 6) Madhya Pradesh 7) Bihar 8) Delhi-Capital of India.
Ministries in Europe during the years 1984-85:
1) England 2) Italy
Ministries in the West since the year 2000:
1) Germany 2) Italy 3) Holland 4) Britain 5) France 6) Denmark 7) Canada 8) United States of America
EGOL Bible School, an Online Bible School conducting courses at1) New York 2) New Jersey 3) Pennsylvania 4) Boston 5) Connecticut 6) Maryland 7) Georgia 8) Illinois 9) Tamil Nadu
PASTOR EDWIN MENON
Highrock Malden US.
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Sermons:Tamil and English
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Chennai.Jeshurun College of Bible Studies Chennai
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